一、概念<br>谜语是一种传统益智游戏，通过隐语暗射文字或事物，让人根据字面信息说出答案。<br>二、起源<br>谜语来源于中国古代民间，产生于长期生产劳动和社会实践，是集体智慧的结晶。<br>1.奴隶社会时期，谜语雏形产生。<br>形式：集体创作的隐晦歌谣；<br>传播方式：口传心授<br>作用：表达思想感情；<br>例子：《书经》“时日曷丧？予以汝偕亡。”<br>含义-太阳呵，你什么时候才丧亡呢？让我和你一同去死吧！<br>情感-表达百姓对夏朝君王桀的不满和怨恨。<br>2.春秋战国时期，谜语正式形成。<br>形式：战国时期的“赋体”隐语。即采用比喻、夸张、排比、问答等文本形式，来表达思想<br>或者讽刺时事。比如荀子通过描述云的“充盈大宇”“功被天下”来体现君子公正无私的美<br>德。（荀子《赋篇》的创作特色及其对汉赋的影响-刘寅子-2010-重庆科技学院学报）<br>汉代的“射履活动”：把东西放在器物下面叫人猜。<br>各国大臣常用暗示、比喻的手法影射事物，从而使君主采纳自己的主张，逐渐形成了现在我<br>们所主熟知的谜语。比如有史料作证，汉代刘向《新序》云：“齐宣王发隐书而读之。”这<br>是有记载的最早谜语。<br>最开始，谜语只是人们休闲打趣的方式，慢慢地，谜语发展成为一种文化。<br>3.南北-隋唐时期，谜语文化繁荣发展。文人雅客通过猜谜来斗智斗勇，制谜技巧日益成熟 。<br>加之帝王君主对谜语的喜爱，谜语文化逐渐流行起来。<br>远看山有色，近听水无声春去花还在，人来鸟不惊。王维《画》 The mountains are colored <br>from distance, and the water is silent when you hear it close by. The flowers are still there when <br>spring goes away, and the birds are not frightened when people come.<br>4.宋朝，谜语文化进入繁荣时期。<br>随着商品经济的发展，市民对文化娱乐的需求增长，猜灯谜成为市民生活的一大乐趣。尤其<br>是元宵节，人们将谜语卸载花灯之上，供人玩赏取乐。尤其以南宋首都临安为最，临安还被<br>誉为“灯谜之乡”。<br>“常随措大官人，满腹文章儒雅，有时一面红妆，爱向风前月下。”猜物谜“印章”。<br>5.明清时期，谜语文化更加盛行。<br>增添文章和诗词的趣味性，抒发个人志向<br>清朝晚期形成了专门的谜语机构“南社”。1909 年于苏州成立，辛亥革命后其成员有一千多<br>名，主要成员大多为诗人和报人，他们制作谜语并在报刊上发布，极大促进了谜语的传承和<br>发展。（南社人物与灯谜-顾斌、刘茂业-2022-05-30）<br>猴子身轻站树梢 (打水果名一)荔枝<br>徐文长的《灯谜》、冯梦龙的《黄山谜》等<br>I. Concept<br>A riddle is a traditional puzzle game in which words or things are alluded to through cryptic <br>language so that the answer is given based on literal information.<br>Origins

Riddles originated from the ancient Chinese folklore, which is the crystallization of collective <br>wisdom, and emerged from the long-term production labor and social practice.<br>1. During the period of slave society, riddles took shape.<br>Form: obscure ballads created collectively;<br>Mode of transmission: oral and mental<br>Function: to express thoughts and feelings;<br>Example: The Book of Books, \\\"When will the time be lost? It will be your death together with it.\\\"<br>Meaning- Sun, when will you die? Let me die with you!<br>Sentiment-expressing the people's dissatisfaction and resentment towards Jie, the king of Xia <br>Dynasty.<br>2. Spring and Autumn Warring States period and, riddles were formally formed.<br>Form: The \\\"fugue\\\" cryptic language of the Warring States period. That is to say, the use of metaphors, <br>hyperbole, prose, questions and answers and other forms of text, to express ideas or satirize current <br>events. For example, Xunzi describes the clouds as \\\"filling up the sky\\\" and \\\"being utilized by the <br>whole world\\\" to reflect the virtue of impartiality and selflessness of a gentleman. (The Creative <br>Characteristics of Xunzi's \\\"Fu\\\" and Its Influence on Han Fu - Liu Yinzi - 2010 - Journal of <br>Chongqing Institute of Science and Technology)<br>In the Han Dynasty, the \\\"Shooting Cue Activity\\\" was to put something underneath an object and <br>ask people to guess it.<br>The ministers of various countries often used hints and metaphors to insinuate things, so that the <br>monarch would adopt their own ideas, and gradually formed the riddles that we are now familiar <br>with. For example, there is historical evidence that Liu Xiang's \\\"New Preface\\\" of the Han Dynasty <br>Yun: \\\"King Xuan of Qi sent out hidden books and read them.\\\" This is the earliest recorded riddle.<br>In the beginning, riddles were just a way for people to have fun, but slowly they developed into a <br>culture.<br>3. During the North-South-Sui-Tang period, the riddle culture flourished.<br>The literati fought with each other through riddles, and the riddle-making skills became more and <br>more mature. Coupled with the emperor and monarch's love of riddles, riddle culture gradually <br>became popular.<br>4. Song Dynasty, riddle culture entered a period of prosperity.<br>With the development of commodity economy, the public's demand for culture and entertainment <br>grew, and riddle-guessing became a great pleasure in the life of the public. Especially at the Lantern <br>Festival, people unloaded riddles on lanterns for people to enjoy. Especially in Lin'an, the capital of <br>the Southern Song Dynasty, Lin'an is also known as the \\\"township of lantern riddles.<br>5. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,<br>In the late Qing Dynasty, a specialized riddle organization called \\\"Nanshe\\\" was formed, which was <br>founded in Suzhou in 1909, and had more than a thousand members after the Xinhai Revolution, <br>most of whom were poets and newspaper writers, who made riddles and published them in <br>newspapers and magazines, which greatly contributed to the inheritance and development of riddles. <br>(Characters and Lantern Riddles of Nan She - Gu Bin, Liu Maoye - 2022-05-30)