LI LAKE BAIKUYAO

TOURISM HANDBOOK

Li Lake Baikuyao Museum

Learning Center guide manual

PREFACE

In this ancient and vibrant land, the Bai Kuyao people of

Li Lake have brought the world an incomparable cultural treasure with their unique culture and art forms. The art of Baiku

Yao is not only a visual enjoyment, but also a spiritual inheritance and historical testimony. In order to better protect, pass

on and promote this precious cultural heritage, we are

pleased to present the Rare Art Learning Centre of Bai Kuyao

in Li Lake brochure for your perusal. This brochure is an

in-depth exploration of the rare works of art of the Baiku Yao

people in Li Lake, including the wonderful performing arts,

colourful ethnic costumes, and unique architectural art. We

have selected a series of images of rare artworks and carefully

written descriptions to show you the unique style and mastery

of Bai Kuyao rare art. In addition, we also have a special display of Baiku Yao-themed souvenirs. From fine handmade embroidery works to practical pillows and bedding, to cultural

and creative products incorporating modern elements, each

piece reflects the perfect combination of traditional craftsmanship and modern design, allowing people to experience

the unique charm of Bai Kuyao art in their daily lives. We hope

that no matter you are art lovers, scholars, researchers, or

general readers with a strong interest in ethnic culture,

through this handbook, you will not only be able to appreciate the aesthetic value of Bai Kuyao art, but also be able to

feel its profound cultural heritage. Let's go into the art world

of Baiku Yao, explore, learn and pass on this precious cultural

heritage.

Welcome to join us on this journey.

Warm greetings: Introduction to Li Lake Bai Kuyao Rare Art

Learning Center.

CONTENT

PREFACE ....................................................................................................1

Geographic location of Bai Kuyao in Li Lake............................... 2

Tourist Guide Map of Li Lake Township, Nandan County........ 3

History of Baiku Yao in Li Lake.......................................................... 4

Li Lake Bai Kuyao rare art introduction.......................................... 5

The Rare Art of Baiku Yao in Li Lake- Performing Arts............. 6

Baiku Yao Spinning top........................................................................ 9

Li Lake Bai Kuyao rare art - costume ar.......................................10

Bai Kuyao clothing production process.......................................12

The rare art of Li Lake Bai Kuyao - architectural art................13

Innovative pattern design.................................................................15

Classic pattern recycling....................................................................16

Bai Kuyao souvenir catalogue-Toy series....................................17

Toy series ................................................................................................18

Jewelry, backpack series....................................................................19

Cultural and creative product design ...........................................20

Fashion design......................................................................................21

Backpack series、Stamp series、Sticker series..........................22

Postcard series......................................................................................23

Fan series、Calendar series、Notebook series、Cardseries................. 24

Children's picture book and documentary about Li Lake Bai

Kuyao，Li Lake Bai Kuyao interactive poster, scan code has a

surprise....................................................................................................25

Geographiclocation of

Bai Kuyaoin Li Lake

THE BAI KUYAO ARE A DISTINCTIVE BRANCH OF THE YAO PEOPLE IN CHINA, MAINLY

LOCATED IN NANDAN COUNTY, GUANGXI AND LIBO COUNTY, GUIZHOU. THEIR HISTORY

CAN BE TRACED BACK TO THE SUI DYNASTY AND THEY HAVE UNDERGONE MANY MIGRATIONS. FROM THEIR BEGINNINGS IN THE YELLOW RIVER AND YANGTZE RIVER BASIN,

THROUGH HUNAN, TO THE TWO PROVINCES OF GUANGDONG, GUIZHOU AND YUNNAN,

AND FINALLY AFTER THE SONG DYNASTY MOST OF THEM SETTLED IN THE AREA OF

NANDAN, HECHI, GUANGXI. THE FORMATION OF THE BAIKU YAO HAS UNDERGONE A

LONG HISTORICAL EVOLUTION, INCLUDING FLIGHT DURING THE YUAN DYNASTY, SEPARATION IN THE MID-MING DYNASTY, AND FURTHER DEVELOPMENT IN THE QING DYNASTY. DURING THE MIGRATION PROCESS, THEY EXCHANGED AND INTEGRATED WITH OTHER

ETHNIC GROUPS WHILE RETAINING THEIR UNIQUE CULTURAL TRADITIONS. BEFORE THE

FOUNDING OF NEW CHINA, BAI KUYAO IN NANDAN STILL MAINTAINED A PRIMITIVE

SLASH-AND-BURN LIFE. AT PRESENT, THE MAIN SETTLEMENTS OF THE BAI KUYAO

INCLUDE BAWEI YAO TOWNSHIP AND LI LAKE YAO TOWNSHIP IN NANDAN COUNTY,

GUANGXI, AND YAOSHAN TOWNSHIP IN LIBO COUNTY, GUIZHOU, OF WHICH LI LAKE YAO

TOWNSHIP HAS BECOME AN IMPORTANT BASE FOR THE INHERITANCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR CULTURE, AND HAS PRESERVED THEIR WAY OF LIFE AND CULTURAL

TRADITIONS IN A RELATIVELY COMPLETE MANNER.

BAOTUWANG

History of Baiku

Yao in Li Lake

Bai ku Yao BAI KU YAO

political line

Map Route

nandan cunty li lake township tour

旅游咨询：0778—7280768

TRAVEL CONSULTATION

旅游投诉：0778—7232031

HANDLING OF TOURIST COMPLAINT

紧急救援：0778—7232095

EMERGENCY RESCUE

Bai ku Yao

BAI KU YAO BAI KU YAO

BAIKU YAO IS A BRANCH OF THE YAO ETHNIC GROUP, WHICH BECAME BAIKU YAO BECAUSE THE

MEN WEAR KNEE-LENGTH WHITE TROUSERS, AND IS MAINLY GATHERED IN LIHU TOWNSHIP,

NANDAN COUNTY, NORTHWEST GUANGXI. THERE IS A RICH INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE

HERE. THESE HERITAGES INCLUDE NOT ONLY ETHNIC COSTUMES AND TRADITIONAL HANDICRAFTS

PASSED DOWN FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION, BUT ALSO UNIQUE PERFORMING ARTS AND

ARCHITECTURAL ARTS, WHICH ARE ALL RARE WORKS OF ART IN LI LAKE BAI KUYAO. IN PARTICULAR, THE VISCOSE PASTE DYEING PROCESS OF THIS ETHNIC COSTUME IS MADE FROM ALL ORIGINAL MATERIALS, WHICH IS DEEPLY INFLUENCED BY THE ETHNIC CULTURE AND BELIEFS AND GEOGRAPHY AND CLIMATE, FORMING A UNIQUE CULTURAL IMPRINT. BECAUSE OF THIS, BAI KUYAO IS

RECOGNISED BY UNESCO AS ONE OF THE MOST WELL-PRESERVED ETHNIC CULTURES, AND ON 20

MAY 2006, BAI KUYAO COSTUMES WERE INCLUDED IN THE FIRST NATIONAL INTANGIBLE CULTURAL

HERITAGE PROTECTION LIST. THE BAIKU YAO PEOPLE OF LI LAKE , WITH THEIR SONGS, DANCES,

COSTUMES, ARCHITECTURE AND OTHER CULTURAL EXPRESSIONS, ARE DEEPLY ROOTED IN THEIR

UNDERSTANDING AND ADAPTATION TO THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT, AS WELL AS THEIR RESPECT

FOR AND INHERITANCE OF THE TRADITIONS OF THEIR ANCESTORS.

LI LAKE BAI KUYAO

RARE ART INTRODUCTION

Li Lake Bai Kuyao rare art

monkey drum dance performance art

performing art of spinning tops

Dress Style

Clothing Pattern

Clothing Color

Clothing Technology

Cultural connotation of clothing

Li Lake Bai Kuyao’s construction art

Bai ku Yao BAI KU YAO

BAIKU YAO MONKEY DRUM DANCE:

PRIMITIVE, ROUGH AND POWEMONKEY

DANCERFUL BEAUTY: BECAUSE BAIKU YAO

PEOPLE LIVE IN THE MOUNTAINS AND FORESTS,

THEY KNOW THE HABITS OF MONKEYS, BUT

THE MONKEY DRUM DANCE AS A WHOLE IS

NOT SIMPLY IMITATING THE MOVEMENTS OF

MONKEYS IN NATURE, BUT EXTRACTING THE

REPRESENTATIVE MOVEMENTS FROM THE

HABITS OF MONKEYS, WHICH MAKES THE

MONKEY DRUM DANCE LOOK MORE LIKE

‘MONKEYS IMITATING HUMAN BEINGS’. THE

MONKEY DRUM DANCE IS NOT JUST AN IMITATION OF THE MOVEMENTS OF MONKEYS IN

NATURE, BUT RATHER, IT LOOKS MORE LIKE

‘MONKEYS IMITATING HUMAN BEINGS’ BY

TAKING REPRESENTATIVE MOVEMENTS FROM

THE HABITS OF MONKEYS. THE DANCE MOVEMENTS ARE LARGE IN AMPLITUDE, VIGOROUS

AND POWERFUL, EMPHASISING STRENGTH

AND AGILITY, AND FULL OF EXPLOSIVE POWER.2. THE BEAUTY OF THE CIRCLE: THE DANCERS

ALWAYS CIRCLE AROUND THE WOODEN

DRUMS COUNTERCLOCKWISE OR CLOCKWISE,

AND STRIKE AROUND THE DRUMS, PRESENTING A CIRCULAR ROUTE. FROM THE DRUMMING ACTION, IT IS NOT PURELY UP AND

DOWN DRUMMING, BUT WITH THE TWISTING

AND SWINGING OF THE BODY TO SHOW THE

TRAJECTORY OF THE ‘FIGURE OF EIGHT

CIRCLE’, THE DRUMMING ACTION OF WAVING

THE ARMS SIDEWAYS OBVIOUSLY SHOWS THE

ROUTE OF THE CIRCLE, AND THE STRIKING OF

THE WOODEN STICK REGULARLY SHOWS THE

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CIRCLE, WHICH ALSO

REFLECTS THE CLOSE CONNECTION BETWEEN

THE WHITE TROUSER YAO PEOPLE AND THE

NATURAL ENVIRONMENT, AS WELL AS THEIR

WORSHIP OF THE POWER OF NATURE. WORSHIP.

The Rare Art of Baiku Yao

in Li Lake Performing Arts

Bai ku Yao

Legs slightly bent

hands flat

Get down on one

knee and put

your hands up

Open your legs

slightly and raise

your hands to

your eyes

Circle around the

wooden drum

Surround and beat

the wooden drum

BAI KU YAO

THE MOVEMENT CHARACTERISTICS OF

MONKEY DRUM DANCE IMITATE VARIOUS POSTURES AND MOVEMENTS OF MONKEYS, SUCH

AS JUMPING, CLIMBING, SCRATCHING, FORAGING FOR FOOD, ETC. CLIMBING, CRAWLING,

JUMPING, LEAPING AND OTHER DANCE MOVEMENTS ARE SOFT AND STRONG, AND THE

DANCERS' MOVEMENTS ARE FLEXIBLE WITH A

STRONG SENSE OF RHYTHM, WHICH SHOW

THE VIVID IMAGE OF MONKEY'S WIT AND LIVELINESS THROUGH EXAGGERATED BODY LANGUAGE. THE DRUMMER IS THE LEADER OF THE

DANCE, BUT ALSO THE CONDUCTOR, HE WILL

BEAT THE DRUM SURFACE, A DRUM BODY, THE

PERFORMERS STEP ON THE DRUMS HAVE TO

DANCE. THIS KIND OF DANCE REQUIRES PERFORMERS TO HAVE GOOD BODY COORDINATION AND SENSE OF RHYTHM, SUCH AS THE

DANCE WILL BE ACCOMPANIED BY SPECIFIC

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, SUCH AS DRUMS,

GONGS, ETC., IN ORDER TO ENHANCE THE

SENSE OF RHYTHM AND EXPRESSIVENESS OF

THE DANCE. THE MONKEY DRUM DANCE IS

HIGHLY ORNAMENTAL AND HAS UNIQUE CULTURAL CHARACTERISTICS. WOODEN DRUMMERS BEAT THE DRUMS SYMMETRICALLY ON

THE LEFT AND RIGHT, AND ONLY WHEN OTHER

PERFORMERS DANCE AROUND THE DRUMS DO

THEY BEGIN TO IMITATE THE MONKEY'S MOVEMENTS, WITH THE MONKEY STICK IN THEIR

HANDS BEATING FROM THE TOP OF THE HEAD,

SHOULDERS, CHEST, WAIST, THIGHS, KNEES,

INSTEPS AND SO ON ALL THE WAY DOWN TO

THE FEET, THE WHOLE SET OF MOVEMENTS IN

ONE GO, WITH NO PAUSE IN THE MIDDLE,

WHICH IS A SIGHT TO BEHOLD.

Action Characteristics: Bai ku Yao Beat the sides of

the wooden drum

Stick through

crotch to beat

wooden drum

Take long strides

and circle around

the wooden drum

Mimicking monkey

movements, body

slightly curved

BAI KU YAO

Barrels may be used as percussion

instruments, producing sound by

striking the body or mouth of the

barrel.

The bronze drum is an artifact of Baiyao

worship, the essence of totem worship and

art, and the sustenance of Yao's national

spirit. Yao people regard it as the embodiment of God. Usually, the bronze drum is

kept at home, when there are red and

white wedding events or major festivals,

they are invited to come out and use. With

the wind bucket and singing, the sound is

thick and loud, moving.

Leather drum: This is a traditional percussion

instrument, usually made of wooden frames

and animal skins. The use of leather drums

can be seen in many ethnic minority music

and dance performances.

Different tapping methods: such as

tapping, pounding, rubbing, etc.,

can produce different timbre and

rhythm.

Bai ku Yao

BAI KU YAO

GYROS COME IN DIFFERENT STYLES, WITH POINTED AND ROUNDED BASES,

AND SOME HAVE A ROUNDED NAIL AT THE VERY BOTTOM FOR BALANCE.

SPINNING TOP IS A TRADITIONAL SPORTS ACTIVITY FAVORED BY THE YAO PEOPLE

IN LIHU BAIJIU. THIS ACTIVITY INTEGRATES WISDOM, BRAVERY, COMPETITION,

TEAM SPIRIT AND ENTERTAINMENT, AND IS DEEPLY LOVED BY BAIJIU YAO MEN,

WOMEN AND CHILDREN. THE PLAY IS VERY SIMPLE AND IS NOT LIMITED BY THE

VENUE, ONLY A WOODEN TOP AND A ROPE ARE NEEDED, AND ANY VACANT LOT

CAN BE PLAYED. THERE ARE MANY RULES, GENERALLY WITH THE TIME OF SPINNING

TOP FOR A LONG TIME TO WIN OR LOSE. THE BASIC GAME OF PLAYING THE TOP IS

TO PUT THE TOP ON THE GROUND OR ANY PART OF THE BODY TO MAKE IT SPIN UP,

AND THEN BEAT IT QUICKLY WITH A WHIP ON THE GROUND TO MAKE IT SPIN UP.

PLAYERS NEED TO MASTER THE FORCE AND ANGLE OF THE WHIP SO THAT THE TOP

CAN SPIN SMOOTHLY AND CONSISTENTLY. OR COMPETE WITH EACH OTHER, THERE

IS A TOP SPINNING, WITH ANOTHER TOP TO PLAY, HIT THE TOP OF OTHERS EVEN IF

THE VICTORY.

Baiku Yao Spinning top

BAI KU YAO

MEN'S CLOTHING CONSISTS OF SHIRTS, LOOSE LEG TROUSERS, TURBANS,

ACCESSORIES AND OTHER ELEMENTS. REGARDLESS OF THE LENGTH OF

WINTER AND SUMMER PANTS ARE ONLY BELOW THE KNEE JOINT, BUT THE

WINTER CLOTHES ARE TIED ON THE CALF WITH NAVY BLUE COTTON

LEGGINGS, COTTON EDGES EMBROIDERED WHITE.

WOMEN ARE MADE UP OF A BLOUSE, PLEATED SKIRT,

HEAD WRAP AND ACCESSORIES. THE COAT IS COLLARLESS AND SLEEVELESS, AND IS MADE OF TWO PIECES

OF BLACK CLOTH, THE FRONT AND THE BACK, WHICH

ARE SQUARE, WIDE AND LARGE. WHEN DRESSED UP,

THE WAIST IS ALSO DECORATED WITH COLORFUL

PLASTIC PENDANTS. GAITER DECORATION IS GENERALLY WORN ON FORMAL OCCASIONS SUCH AS MAJOR

FESTIVALS OR SACRIFICES, IN ADDITION TO CLOTH TIED

TO THE LEGS, THE LEGS HAVE COLORFUL TASSEL

PENDANTS.

THE KNEE EMBROIDERY HAS FIVE RED PATTERNS. ACCORDING TO

LEGEND, THIS IS THE BLOODY HANDPRINT LEFT BY THE YAO KING

DURING THE WAR WITH THE FOREIGN PEOPLE. THE MIDDLE ONE IS THE

LONGEST AND BECOMES SHORTER TWICE, WITH A CROSS PATTERN AT

THE TOP OF EACH COLUMN

THE CLOTHING PATTERNS OF LI LAKE BAI KUYAO ARE

MAINLY DECORATED WITH CHICKEN FLOWERS, REFLECTING THE WORSHIP OF CHICKENS, AND GEOMETRIC PATTERNS OF SQUARES, BOTH OF WHICH ARE NOT

COMMON IN OTHER YAO ETHNIC GROUPS.

THE \"FIELD\" AND \"WELL\" PATTERNS OF \"YAO WANG SEAL\" ARE SQUARE

STRUCTURES, \"FIELD\" REPRESENTS THE FIELD WHERE CROPS ARE

PLANTED, \"WELL\" IS THE MEANING OF WATER WELLS, AND THE \"TEN\" IN

THE MIDDLE SYMBOLIZES THE PATHS CRISS-CROSSING THE FIELD. IT

CAN BE SEEN THAT THE PATTERNS ON THE BAI KUYAO CLOTHING ARE

NOT RANDOMLY PAINTED, BUT IN ORDER TO RECORD THE WAY OF

LIVING OF THE WHITE PANTS YAO PEOPLE. FROM HERE, IT CAN BE

FOUND THAT THE ANCESTORS OF BAI KUYAO ALSO LIVED IN THE LAND,

RATHER THAN LIVING IN THE MOUNTAINS WITHOUT LAND.

Li Lake Bai Kuyao rare art

costume art

BAI KU YAO

THE CLAY POT IS CONNECTED TO THE

WOODEN FRAME TO PREVENT RATS

FROM CLIMBING INTO THE GRANARY

TO STEAL THE GRAIN

THE SUPPORT OF THE GRANARY IS

VERY HIGH, ONE IS TO PREVENT MICE

AND OTHER ANIMALS, AND THE

OTHER IS TO MAINTAIN THE TEMPERATURE AND MODERATION OF THE

GRAIN.

THE CONNECTION BETWEEN SOME

GRANARY WOOD FRAME AND THE

GRANARY BODY IS NOT A CLAY POT,

BUT A SMOOTH IRON SHEET, WHICH

IS ALSO TO PREVENT RATS FROM

RUNNING TO THE GRANARY TO STEAL

FOOD.

The rare art of Lihu

Baikuyao

architectural art

Bai Ku Yao BAI KU YAO

The rare art of Lihu

Baikuyao

architectural art

The breadbasket of Laos The breadbasket of Tunisia

Grain silos in Guizhou,China

The breadbasket of Laos

The breadbasket of Laos

Granary in Nandan li

Lake, Guangxi, China

Bai Ku Yao

BAI KU YAO

DRESS

FABRIC

Bai Ku Yao ㊀PATTERN NAME：

APATTERNREPRESENTING WOMEN

DECORATIVE PART：

WOMEN'S BLOUSE, MEN'S AND

WOMEN'S DRESS

PATTERN FEATURE：

SQUARE WITH A CROSS IN THE

MIDDLE

㊁ PATTERN NAME：

CHICKEN FLOS

DECORATIVE PART：

MEN'S AND WOMEN'S COATS,

MEN'S BELTS, GAITERS, HATS

PATTERN FEATURE：

MANY THIN LINES PILED UP, IN THE

FORM OF RADIATION, MAINLY

ORANGE, BLACK EMBELLISHMENT

㊂ PATTERN NAME：

RICE PATTERN

DECORATIVE PART：

MEN'S AND WOMEN'S BOTTOMS,

MEN'S BELTS, MEN'S PANTS

PATTERN FEATURE：

IT'S A RICE CHARACTER, MADE UP

OF ORANGE AND BLACK

㊃ PATTERN NAME：

THE PATTERN OF A CHICKEN

DECORATIVE PART：

MEN'S AND WOMEN'S COATS,

MEN'S BELTS, MEN'S TROUSERS,

MEN'S GAITERS, MEN'S AND

WOMEN'S HATS

PATTERN FEATURE：

RECTANGULAR ARRANGEMENT,

MANY THIN LINES CROSSED

㊄ PATTERN NAME：

THE PATTERN OF THE SCISSORS

DECORATIVE PART：

WOMEN'S BLOUSE, SUSPENDERS

PATTERN FEATURE：

IT LOOKS LIKE SCISSORS

㊅ PATTERN NAME：

THE PATTERN OF THE SCISSORS

DECORATIVE PART：

WOMEN'S BLOUSE, SUSPENDERS

PATTERN FEATURE：

IT LOOKS LIKE SCISSORS

㊆ PATTERN NAME：

THE PATTERN OF A MAN

DECORATIVE PART：

BLOUSE

PATTERN FEATURE：

THE MAIN COLOR IS ORANGE,

FOLLOWED BY BLACK, WHITE,

YELLOW COMPOSITION

㊇ PATTERN NAME：

MOUSE'S FOOT

DECORATIVE PART：

WOMEN'S BLOUSE, MEN'S BELT

PATTERN FEATURE：

LIKE MOUSE FOOTPRINTS,

SPREAD OUT IN FOUR DIAGONAL

DIRECTIONS

㊈ PATTERN NAME：

CIRCLE GRAIN

DECORATIVE PART：

WOMEN'S BLOUSE, WOMEN'S

PLEATED SKIRT

PATTERN FEATURE：

A SERIES OF DIAMOND SHAPES

BAI KU YAO

Bai Kuyao clothing

production process

1. Picking and

processing

cotton

2. doubling thread 3. aving cotton cloth 4. Take the paste juice

from the paste tree

5. Use a wax knife to draw

paste patterns on the cloth

6.Sew pleated skirts 7. The elders try on the

clothes made by the

younger generation

8.Theite in her new

dress continues to

work hard

Bai Ku Yao

BAI KU YAO

Innovative pattern design

Bai Ku Yao BAI KU YAO

Classic pattern

recycling

Bai Ku Yao

16

BAI KU YAO

Bai Kuyao souvenir catalogue

Toy series Bai Ku Yao BAI KU YAO

Toy series

Bai Ku Yao

BAI KU YAO

Jewelry,

backpack series Bai Ku Yao 19

BAI KU YAO

Cultural and

creative product design

Bai Ku Yao

BAI KU YAO

Fashion design Bai Ku Yao BAI KU YAO

Backpack series

Stamp series

Sticker series

Bai Ku Yao

BAI KU YAO

Postcard series Bai Ku Yao BAI KU YAO

Fan series

Card series

Bai Ku Yao

Calendar series

Calendar series

BAI KU YAO

Children's picture book and documeLi Lake Bai Kuyao interactive poster,Bai Ku Yao BAI KU YAO

entary about Li Lake Bai Kuyao

, scan code has a surprise

Bai Ku Yao

BAI KU YAO

Li Lake Baikuyao Museum

Learning

Center guide manual

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