2022 年 7 月
第 43 卷 第 7 期
July 2022
Vol.43 No.7
推 进 技 术
JOURNA L O F PRO PU L S ION TECHNO LOGY
210164-1
航空用燃料电池及混合电推进系统发展综述 *
秦 江,姬志行,郭发福,刘 禾,李成杰,沈轶岭,程昆林,章思龙
(哈尔滨工业大学 能源科学与工程学院,工信部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150001)
摘 要:随着世界范围内碳减排需求的日益增长及长航时飞机的发展需要,高效率的燃料电池航空
电推进系统逐渐受到重视,氢能航空的理念被人们所熟知,可使用碳氢燃料的高温燃料电池还可与燃气
涡轮组成混合动力系统,发电效率进一步提高至70%。本文回顾了燃料电池及燃料电池涡轮混合系统在
航空能源、动力系统方向应用概况;概述了几种突破现有涡轮发动机技术瓶颈的新概念混合电推进系
统,如发电与推进一体化燃料电池涡轮混合动力系统和无涡轮燃料电池混合推进系统;基于此,分析了
限制燃料电池混合系统实际应用的关键技术难题,主要体现在混合动力系统功重比较低、大分子碳氢燃
料重整技术未突破两方面。
关键词:航空动力系统;电推进;混合动力;燃料电池;燃料重整
中图分类号:TM911 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001-4055(2022)07-210164-18
DOI:10.13675/j.cnki. tjjs. 210164
Review of Aviation Fuel Cell and Hybrid Electric
Propulsion Systems
QIN Jiang,JI Zhi-xing,GUO Fa-fu,LIU He,LI Cheng-jie,SHEN Yi-ling,CHENG Kun-lin,ZHANG Si-long
(Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,School of Energy Science and Engineering,
Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)
Abstract:With the increasing demand of carbon emission reduction and the development of long endur‐
ance aircraft in the world,the high efficiency fuel cell aviation electric propulsion system has been paid more and
more attention,and the concept of hydrogen aviation is well known. The high temperature fuel cell which can use
hydrocarbon fuel can also form a hybrid power system with gas turbine,and the power generation efficiency can
be further improved to 70%. Firstly,this paper reviews the application of fuel cell and fuel cell turbine hybrid sys‐
tem in aviation energy and power system. Then,several new concepts of hybrid electric propulsion systems are
summarized,such as power generation and propulsion integrated fuel cell turbine hybrid power system and non
turbine fuel cell hybrid propulsion system. Based on this,this paper analyzes the key technical problems that lim‐
it the practical application of the fuel cell hybrid system,mainly reflected in the low power to weight ratio of the
hybrid system and not achieved a breakthrough of the macromolecular hydrocarbon fuel reforming technology.
Key words:Aircraft power system;Electric propulsion;Hybrid power;Fuel cell;Fuel reforming
1 引 言
为构建节约型、可持续发展型社会,各国的环境
保 护 标 准 日 益 提 高 。 2019 年 12 月 欧 盟 提 出 了 到
2050 年实现温室气体碳中和的目标,之后日本、韩国
也提出了在 2050 年实现碳中和的目标[1]。2020 年 9
* 收稿日期:2021-03-18;修订日期:2021-09-24。
通讯作者:秦 江,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究领域为燃料电池混合动力、热管理、能量综合利用。
引用格式:秦 江,姬志行,郭发福,等 . 航空用燃料电池及混合电推进系统发展综述[J]. 推进技术,2022,43(7):
210164. (QIN Jiang,JI Zhi-xing,GUO Fa-fu,et al. Review of Aviation Fuel Cell and Hybrid Electric Propulsion
Systems[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology,2022,43(7):210164.)