Another greatfeature of HYDRO ANBoard isecause the coreis made from extruded polystyrene,provides an R-value of 2.23 per V2" (12.7mm) .Depending upon the size of the steam rom and the output of the steam generator, the 2" (50.8\mathsf{mm}) thick HYDRO BAN Board maybe sufcientforatining the required insulationvalue needed to control dewpoint within the wall assembly.Please note that it is the responsibility of the project designteam to determine the insulation requirements within the wallassembly and to design the steam roomand specify materials accordingly.

Peel and Stick Membranes-Peel and stick membranes are very similar to sheet type membranes inperformance.The major diference between the two stles is that the peeland stick type does not rely onaseparate adhesive mortar tobond itto the substrate.These membranes are generally asphaltbased witha reinforcing fabric on the tile bonding side of the membrane anda removable Kraft paper type backing which exposes a tacky surface once it ispeeled away.The installation of peel and stick membranes begins with priming the substrate with the apropriate primer for the peel and stick membrane and/or the application. Some primers are latex basedtypes and others canbe epoxy-basedmaterials.

Once the primer is in place, theremovable film is peeled from the backside of the membrane and rolled onto the primed substrate.

Precautionsand concerns withpeeland sticktypemembranesare as follows:

1. Careful consideration must be taken where the seams overlap.Spreading the tile mortaroverthe seam can be tricky and care should be taken to avoid humps where the tile lays overseams.
2. These types of membranes have a tendency to soften when exposed to sunlight.Windows that face the sun and let more unlight incould pose problemsforpeendstick membraes
3. Cleaning regimens also playa factor in whether peel and stick membranes should be used or not.Solvents typically have anadverse effect on this type of membrane. Consult the manufacturer for specific applications.
4.Use of these membrane types should be limited to areas outside the steam room/steam shower and other intermittent wet areas.These membranes should notbe used in steam room/steam shower applications, but check with the membrane manufacturer to verify suitability for intended use.

NOTE:FRACTUREBAN is not intended foruse in steam room/steam shower aplications and should neverbe used for this purpose.

Trowel Applied Membranes-Trowel applied membranes come in various forms, inclding latex fortified cement based types (e.g HYDRO BAN Cementious Waterproofing),epoxy resin types (e.g LATAPOXY Waterproof Flashing Mortar) and urethane types. Some of the trowel applied membranes include a reinforcing fabric used in corners, coves, and to tie into plumbing fixtures (including drains).After the typical pre-treatments are made to cracks and transitionareas, the main application normally consists of keying the membrane into the substrate with the flat side of thetrowel. This is immediately followedby combing the material in a singular direction,nd thenfinally anotherpass with theflat sideof trowel to smooth the surface.Afewkey elements are the notches in the trowel, which act asa gauging device for the membrane. Most membranes requireacertain thickness of product to ensure complete waterproofing coverage.As with ll waterproofing membranes, the products should be applied at the continuous required mil thickness to ensure waterproofing integrity. The use of a wet film gauge is recommended to assure acceptable uniform thickness.It may be necessary to check with the manufacturer of the trowel-applied membrane toseeif itactsas anantifracture membrane as well.

LatexCementBased，TrowelAppliedMembranes-Thismembrane type is generally comprised of aliquid latex polymerthat is mixed into aporland cement based powder.These products are generally very economical in cost and in ease of application.However,the physical characteristics (e.g.high perm rating) of these types of products generally minimize theiruse indemanding steam room/ steam shower applications.

NOTE:HYDRO BANCementitious Waterproofing is not intended for use in steam room/steam shower applications and should never be used for this purpose.

EpoxyBased,TrowelAppliedMembranes-Epoxymembranesare normally 3-component systems consisting of an epoxyhardener, epoxyresisdfillepwderheseprdctsreenerallye chemical resistant and suitable for steam room/steam shower applications.While epoxy membrane types are nottypically used as the primary means of waterproofing in a steam room/steam shower,theyareused to complement and tie intoliquid applied waterproofing membranes as aflashing mortar (please refer to Figure 6.3.5).

Some otheradvantagesto thiscategorytype of waterproofing are as follows:

Flood testing can be performed inaslittle as 24 hours at 70° F (21°0 ，

Adheresfometal, suchas stainless steel, as welasmetal plumbing fixtures.
Flexible and able to adhere to most substrates.
■Can be used as a flashing membrane to tie into other types of membranes or surfaces when required (e.g.pipe penetrations, etc....

An example of this category type of waterproofing membrane is LATAPOXY Waterproof Flashing Mortar

Figure 6.3.5— Epoxy waterproofing membrane is applied at the pie pnetrtonvecredlquidliwterpfig membraneto ensureacompletesealatthepenetrations.

LiquidAppliedMembranesThiscategorytypeoffersanideal solution to the demanding requirements of steam room/steam shower tileandstoneapplications.Inaddiion,toholding upnde nomal conditionsintheeapplications,liquid alidwaterprofing membranetypes are theeasiest to installand providemanyfeatures and benefits.These features and benefits include:

■Providing both waterproofing and anti-fracture protection
Meet ANSIA118.10 Standards for Waterproofing
■Meet ANSIA118.12 Standards for Crack Isolation
Plumbing Code Approved
■UL GREENGUARD Gold certified for low VOC emissions
■ Thin - load bearing
■ Shock resistant
Fullycompatible with a wide range of ceramic tile or stone installation materials which are recommended for steam room/steam shower installations
Fullyformable tofitinto tight areas
■Can be shaped to follow any substrate contour

Flood Testing can vary according to the membrane type and generally ranges from2hours to7days at 70°\mathsf{F}(2\mathsf{l}°() or above.See TDS169“Flood Testing Procedures"formore information on performing flood tests.

■Some liquid applied waterproofing membranes (e.g. HYDRO BAN)maybe sprayapplied withacommercial, airlessprayer.

Figure 6.3.6－9235 Waterprofing Membrane applied to concrete substrate.

Examples of thiscategorytype include 9235 Waterprofing Membrane and HYDRO BAN?. Waterproofing Membrane is a liquid applied, fabric reinforced membrane that is thin, load bearing and completely compatible with LATICRETE Latex Thin-set Mortars. HYDRO BAN is a liquid applied membrane that is thin, load bearing and completely compatible with LATICRETE Latex Thin-setMortars and may be ready for flood testing in as little as 2hours (see HYDRO BAN Installation Instructions, DS 663.5 for more information).

NOTE: HYDRO BAN Quick Cure is not intended foruse in steam room/steam shower applications and should neverbe used for this purpose.For products in this category, please use HYDRO BAN or 9235 Waterproofing Membrane for steam rooms and steam showers.

Detailing of Penetrations/Seats/Door- Proper detailing of penetrations through a waterproofing membrane, vapor diffusion retarder (vaporbarrier),insulation,andtileorstoneis one of the most vital installation elements for the long term functioning of these materials and the steam room/steam shower in general. Typically,flexiblesealant, sitableforthe intendedapplicatn (e.g. LATASILM used with LATASIL 9118 Primer) isacrical component to treating penetrations.Penetrations can range from lights, steam pies, railings, oorhinges, windows, and more nd come in a variety of shapes and sizes.

Keep in mind what should neverhappen ina steam room application;steamcannot escape the steamroom orcondensation and posible propery damage can occur.It is important that al penetrationsand penetration treatmentsedesigned,specified and constructedtopreventwaterandwatervporfrmescaping the steam room.There isageneric drawing in Section7,that shows apossible way to detail certain pipe penetrations, but this drawing should notbe relied upontoprovide the perfectsolution to preventing problems.It is the responsibility of the project design professionalteam to design and specify the proper materials and methods toachieve viable solutions, and, itisthe responsibilty of the installation contractorto ensure thatthepenetrations are properly treatedto prevent waterandvapor fromescaping the steam room.The fact that one (or more in large steam rooms) of the penetrations gets extremely hot must also be taken into accouni and detailedaccordingly with materials that wil beunaffeted by the high temperatures.

Seats are very common in steam room applications (especially in commercial steam rooms) and in many cases are parts of the structure of the steam room.In the vast majority of steam rooms with seating,the seats are framed in,muded and waterproofed along with the wllsto make asingle, cohesive installtion.These installationsare finshed withtileorstone sing suitable LATCRETE tile installtion products.Inpre-formed steamrooms (refertoFigure 2.4.1) the seats are formed with the unit to create a seamless integralnit,btrearel,ifvr,.etsndallhrin surfaces must slope towardsthe draintoprevent waterfrom accumulating and llow water to vacate through the drain.

Inrecentyears,pre-formed seatshaveeendeveloped thatcanbe used in steam rooms and installed using several methods, including installationdirectly on existing tile or stone.HYDROBANPreformed Seat ishigh-density,expanded polystyrene withawaterproof finish that is 100% waterproof and ready-to-tile.HYDRO BAN Preformed Seat is 100% compatible with allLATICRETE products that are suitable foruse in steam room/steam shower aplication.

FloodTesting SteamRoomFloorsIf requiredbythedesign professional(s),general contractor orbuilding owner,afood test is conductedaffer the waterproofing membrane, and anypenetrations within the depth to where the flood test willbe conducted, are treated and all of the installed components reach fullcure. The InternationalPlumbing Code provides guidelines forfood testing shower pan liners as follows;

International Plumbing Code (IPC)Section 312.9 Shower Liner Test—Where shower floors and receptors are made watertight by the application of materials required by IPC Section 417.5.2, the completed liner installation shallbe tested.The pipe from the shower drain shallbe plugged water tightfor the test.The floor and receptorarea shall be filledwithpotable watertoadepthof not less than 2^{\prime\prime} (51mm) measured at the threshold. Where a threshold of at least 2^{\prime\prime} (51mm) does not exist, a temporary threshold shall be construted toretainthetest waterinthelined floororreeptor area toalevel not less than 2^{\prime\prime} (51mm) deep measured at the threshold.The watershallberetained foratestperiodof not less than15 minutes, and there shall be no evidence of leakage

ASTM D5957"Standard Guide for Flood Testing Horizontal Waterproofing Installtions" canalso serve asabasic guideline for flood testing steam room/steam shower applications. LATICRETE TDS169"Flood Testing Procedures",available at htps://aticrete. com, can also provide guidance on this important step.

Generally,fldtestsof showerpanliners areperfomed forperiod of 12 — 48 hours and must be continuously monitored during the flood test period. Al piping (within the flood test depth) and drains must be plugged to make sure that no water escapes through them. Failure to dosowillrender the results of the flood test asinaccurat. If any measurable mount of water is lost the folwing proces wil be required;

The steam room/steam shower floor willhave to be drained completely;
■Verify that no water was lost through the drain by placing water in an area large enough to cover the drain only. Watch to see if water is lost;
■Inspect for leaks;
■ Repair the leak(s);
Alow the waterproofin membrane used toaffet repairs to
fully cure;
Repeat flod test procedure.

Keep in mind that if water can get out,then steam can get out!

ProtectionofWaterproofing Membranes-LATICRETEwaterproofing membranes must be allowed to cure fully at the required temperature, as stated by the membrane manufacturer.The membrane (e.g.HYDRO BAN,HYDRO BAN Quick Cure,or 9235 Waterproofing Membrane)must be protected fromUVexposure beyond the stated time period stated in the product datasheets (DS 663.0 for HYDRO BAN,DS 670.4for HYDRO BAN Quick Cure and DS 236.0 for9235Waterproofing Membrane which can be found at https://aticrete.com) and from the elements, including rain and wind.Tenting and shading the work areasfor the installationand cure periods is critical to ensuring the long-term performance of the installation system.

6.4 Tile Setting Mortars

Importance-Steam rooms/steam showers are exposed to unique factors not typically found in other installationtypes. The adhesive mortars must also be able to deal with moisture expansion/ contraction, thermal expansion and contraction,differential movements,varyinglive loads,thermal cycling(more frequently in residential steam rooms/steam showers), and thermal shock. Therefore,the adhesive mortars and grouting materialsmustbeable to withstand these dmanding conditions inadionto providing allofthe performance propertiesof theahesive tomaintainα high performance, durable tile installation. Tile, which is installed using an dhesive thatisnotsuitable for the applicationmay damage property or harm people who are using the steam room/ steamshwerfcityrresinificationnstalln and maintenance of the steam room/steam shower and the tile installation are critical to the long-term performance of the system. LATICRETE International manufactures α range of products that are ideal for steam room aplications.

Types of Mortars—There are three categories of mortars that are ideallysuited forinstalltionof tileorstoneinsteamroom/steam shower; Thick edMortar, Redispersible Polymer-fortifiedCement Mortar, and Epoxy Resin Adhesives.

Thick Bed Mortar-For installation of tile orstone ina commercicl stem room, the TCNA requirsthe installtionofamortarbed (e.g. 3701Fortified MortarBed, or,QuickCureMortarBed)following TCNA SR-613 (LATICRETE ES-SR613) into metal lath (installed over a suitable vapor diffusion retarder), which has been attached to the structure using wire and pencil rods.

Redispersible PolymerFortified Cement Mortar-Theuse of a highperformance redispersible polymerfortifiedcementmortar designed foruse in steam room/steam shower applications are also outstanding choices forthese applction.

257 TitaniumTM, 254 Platinum or MULTIMAXTM LITE mixed with potable water isa perfect choice forsteam room/steam shower applications. The mortarslisted are formulated tohave highadhesive strength whileproviding theflexibility,mperature rsistance, moistureresistance,and othercharacteristis required ofadhesive mortars used for ceramic tle and stone installations insteam rooms/steam showers and surrounding areas.These mortars also meet ANSIA118.15,the American NationalStandardSpecification for Improved Modified Dry-set Cement Mortar.

Epoxy Resin Adhesives-LATAPOXY?300 Adhesive is another great product thatisperfect forsteam room/steamshower applications. LATAPOXY300 Adhesive cannot only withstand the heat,moisture and chemicalattack from cleaners and sanitizers,it can also providethehighest levelof adhesion and strengthto tile and stone which may not be atained when using polymer-fortified mortars. LATAPOXY 300 Adhesive is also capable of bonding ile orstone directlyonadificultobond tosubstrate (e.g.stainless steel, fiberglass, efc...).LATAPOXY300 Adhesive isαperfect choice whenbond tileandstone that maybe moisturesensitive resin backed, orαresin agglomerate stone. Check with the tile manufacturer orstone supplietomake sure that the tile orstoneis suitable for steam room/steam shower use.

6.5 Grout

Importance-Asis the case of anytile orstone installation,the grout is the mostvisibleand most scrutinized part of the installation system.The grout in steam room/steam shower applications is subject toaring nd extremecondiionsnaddition,thegroing materials must also be able to remain colorfast and maintain its performance integrity when subjected tohigh temperatures,high humidity and the thermal forces found in steam room/steam shower applications.The grout should alsobe able to handle suitable,wll planned and consistently mplemented cleaning and sanitizing regimen designed for steam room systems.If possible,useneutralpH,lowVOC cleaners thatcanbeused inhigh temperature and high humidity applications.

Epoxy Grout-SPECTRALOCK PRO Premium Groutt is an ideal choices forsteam room/steam shower applications.These grouts offer bothlowerwater absorptionrates and improved chemical resistance when compared to traditional cement based grouts.Epoxy grouts are immune tothe typical attack that traditional cement based grouts mayface in these harsh conditions. Therefore, the life cycle costforthesematerials is muchlowerthan traditional latex cement based grouts that may require periodic re-grouting due to erosion caused by the extreme conditions in this environment.

Polymer Fortified and Latex Cement Grout-PERMACOLOR? GroutorPERMACOLORSelectareverygood choicesforgrouting in steam room/steam shower applications. It is important to note that these products have lmited chemical resistance, and are typically only used wherenoexposure toaggressive orcorrosive chemicals will cur Ifcement-based grout iselected fora steam room/ steam shower, careful detail to the maintenance regimen is required. At times,the extracostassociated withadditional maintenance of a cement-based grout used insteam rooms canbe offset with the selection and use of an epoxy grout (e.g. SPECTRALOCK PRO Premium Grout) that will greatly reduce the maintenance required.

6.6Sealants

Importance-Sealants used insteamrooms/steam showers are subiectedtoahost of movement related issues including,but not limited to,thermal movement (e.g.themal expansion/contraction, thermal shock), moisture expansion/contraction,live loads, and diferentialmovementRefertoSection7for informationon the proper pecificationof sealants insteamroom/steamshowerapplications.

Movement Joints — Movement joint materials (e.g. 100% silicone orrethneeificllignedorpserell used as filers onlyat movement joints, changes in plane,where dissimilarmaterialsmeets, andat anypenetrations suchas pipe penetrations,light, doors,etc...）.These are places where ahigh degree ofadhesionisrequired,aswellasresistancetodifferentil movement,tensile stress,and otherforces whilemaintaining its performance characteristics in the high temperature and humidity of a steam room. Movement joints are intended for relief of significant stress buildup that maybe transmitted overrger area.Movement joints arefiled withaflexible material toresist much greater elongation or compressionthan more rigid materials like cement. These flexible materials should alsohave the ability toadhere o struural ordesignelments (eg.lights, ppes tile stone,etc...）to notonly maintaina water barrier where a more rigid material may fail, but also to accommodate the potentially significant different thermal movement characteristis of some dissimilar materials.

LATASILM along with LATASIL 9118 Primer (required for stem room applications) is an ideal combination for steam room/steam showers.Asuitable backer rod orbond breaker tape should be used along with the sealant. Section 7 contains much more information on how to installthe sealant in conjunction with the waterproofing/ anti-fracture membrane and the finish materials.Please note that the TCNA Handbook for Ceramic, Glass and Stone Tile Installtion Method E-17l providesa generic guide for the installtionof movement joints.However, it is the responsibity of the project designprofessionalstoprovidethedesign,location,and construction of movement joints and itis the responsibility of the contractor to make sure that theyare properly installed.Always check with the sealant manufacturertodetermine ifa particular product is suitable for theintended applicationand whether,ornot,thatapplication would require a primer for the sealant product.

6.7 Post Installation

Cure Time - Cure completed file work in steam room/steam showers for 10 days when using an epoxy based groutat 70°\mathsf{F} (21°0 and

14 days whenusing alatexportland cement based grout at 70°\mathsf{F} (21°0 before activating steam unit.Extend period of protection and cure at temperatures below 60°\mathsf{F} (16°0) , and at high relative humidity (>70 RH) due to retarded set times of mortars, adhesives and grouts.

Inspection-The tile orstone installtion ina steam room/steam shower should be inspected prior to testing the steam generation system, and thenagain prior to full steam activation tolook for any non-conformities in the tile installation.Final grouting and sealant touch-ups should be performed during this phase and before the steam room goes into full use.Critical areas include the sealant treatment at all penetrations, movement joints and drains. The sealantshould be inplace and fully cured priorto tuning the steam on fornormal operationtoprevent anysteamormoisture from escaping the room.Make sure that all grout joints arefull, tht exposed edgesof seats are rounded (to prevent discomfort orinjury onsharp edges),that there isnocondensationonthe outsideof ny exposed wllof thesteamroom/steamshower, and thatwater is not drpping from theciling.

Protectionof Completed Tile and Grout Installation-The completed tile and grout installation must also be protected from construction traffic,debrisfromothertrades and the elements untillthe installtion components reach theirfull cure. To avoid dmage to ile work, schedule floor installtionstobeginonlyaffer allsructural work, building enclosures, and overhead finishing work, such as ceilings, mechanical and electrical work are completed.

Keep all trfficoffinished tilefloorsuntil theyhavefully cured. Builder shall provide up to 3/4^{\prime\prime} (19mm) thick plywood or OSB protectionover non-staining Kraft paper to protect floors afterinstallationmaterials have cured. Covering the floor with polyethylene or plywood in direct contact with the floor may adverselyaffecthe curing process of grout and latex/polymer modified porland cement mortar.42

6.8 Warranty

LATICRETE International, Inc. offers the most comprehensive systems warranty inthe tile and stone installtion industry.Please referto the LATICRETE 25Year System Warranty (DS 025.0),available at https:/aticrete.com for more information.

Section 7: Specifications For Steam Room/ Steam Shower Installation

Since steam room/steam shower applications arereasonably complex indesign and in application, they require intelligent design,superiormaterials,anexperienced contractor,andail installerwhohasskil sets andnecessaryexperiencefoassure afullyfunctional, problem free steam room.The importance of all of these elements cannot be overstated.The contractor(s) chosen should berequired toprovideaporfolioand references reflecting the installer's/contractor's experience, along withabid or estimate, which is a good way to ensure work ofsimilar size, scope and complexity has been completed.Matching installer ability to the project at hand requires close evaluation of their experience,raining,licensing,certificationsand/orcredentials. Because tileisapermanent finish,the lowest bid should notbe the driving factor, but rather who is the most qualified to perform the scope of the work specified.

There are essentially two types of jobsite constructed steam room/steamshowers;wood orsteel framed,and,concrete or concrete masonry construction;

I.The first designincorporatessteel orwood framing and αconcrete,slabon-grade sub-floor he ceiling frming should be sloped at least 2^{\prime\prime} minimum per foot (50mm per 300mm) to prevent water from dripping on steam room occupants (per Tile Council of North America recommendations) and the slope must be maintained throughout substrate and veneer installation. The floor should be pre-pitched (prior to the installation of the shower pan liner) at the rate of 14" per foot (6mm per 300mm), per International Residential Code (IRC) P2709.1 stated as "1/4 unit verical in 12 units horizontal (2% slope)nor more than /2 unit vertical in12 units horizontal (4% slope) and floor drains shall be flanged to provide a water-tight joint in the floor” 43,to make sure that water flows toward the drain.Keep in mind that ashower pan is required in all site constructed steamroom/steam shower installations unless otherwise stated in local building code!

Typicall, the installation begins with the proper choice and placement of a two-part clamping ring style drain with weepers as perASMEA112.6.3.Place tile spacers or gravel aroundweepholesasdetailedbythedesignprofessional to prevent mortar from clogging the weep holes and should be installed by aqualified plumber in accord with International Residential Code (IRC)P2709.4. The pipes and drainshould be properly suppored to prevent problems in the fuureUless specified otherwise,suitale priar shower pan liner, complying with ASTM D4068 "Standard

Specification for Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE)Sheting for Concealed Water Containment Membrane", D4551 "Standard Specification forPoly(Vinyl Chloride)(PVC)Plastic Flexible Concealed Water Containment Membrane"or other approved material would be installed to tie into the bottom flange of the drain (without blocking the weep holes). Turn shower pan membrane up walls a minimum of 3" (75mm) above the top of steam rooms/steam showers with a curb or 6" [150mm]) above floors in steam rooms or steam showers without curbs.44

The shower panmust be properly formed and fastened to prevent problems. Check with local building code to help determine what shower pan liner is acceptable in your area. Curbs must be sloped to drain back into the steam room for condensation runoff and anyhorizontal surfaces within the steam room should be pitched to the drain to prevent pooing of water. Slope curbs at the rate of %4" per foot (6mm per 300mm). Perform a flood test to determine integrity of the pan liner and make repairs as necessarybefore proceeding (see Section 6.3 for more information on flood testing).

Afethe sweranlinr is inlcentl ther difusion retarder directly onto the side of the framing that will be exposed to the steam room.The vapor diffusion retarder should be 4 —6 mil thick polyethylene (crosslaminated virgin polyethylene is excellent)and, if possible, should be one piece that can fit into the entire area (please refer to Sections 3.5 and 6.3 for more information).Fasten the vapor diffusion retarder to the studs with corrosion resistant fasteners.Aspot of LATASILTM 100% silicone) onto the fasteners wilhelppreventmoisture penetration through the fastener holes.Make sure that thevapor diffusionretarder (vaporbarrier)is properly formed and is tight to the studs of the walls and ceiling. Yes — the vapor diffusion retarder (vaporbarrier) mustbe installed onto the celing aswell as thewalls assteam willcertainly esape through the ceiling.If possible, the vapor diffusionretarder (vapor barrier) should be one piece to prevent moisture escape through any seams.It is imperative that this vapor diffusion retarder (vaporbarrier)beplaced so that it laps into the shower pan liner! This way any moisture that comes in contact withthe vapordiffusion retarder (vaporbarrier) will drain into the shower pan and exit through the weep holes of the drain.

Next,install a 2" (50mm) thick minimum, wire-reinforced mortar bed of 3701Fortified Mortar, or,LATICRETE Quick

Cure Mortar Bed onto the shower pan liner The wirereinforcement should be 2" x 2" (50mm x 50mm), 16 gauge,galvanized,welded wiremesh(orotherasnotedin ANSI A108.02 3.7) and should be placed at halfthe depth of the mortar bed. Make sure that the mortar bed maintains the /4" per foot (6mm per 300mm) slope to drain which was established by the pre-pitchinthe sub-floor.After the mortar bed has cured, the installation of the insulation and specified backerboard on the walls and ceiling can begin.

The addition of a suitable insulation material between the joists should bedonebefore installation of the specified non-insulated backer board.Wallsutiling a foam-cored board (e.g. HYDRO BAN? Board) may provide enough thermal resistance (R value) to act as the insulation.The Project design team will have to determine the R value and determine suitability of board to act as insulation.

Insulation will help keep the heat in the steam room and helps to control the dew point (the temperature where condensation takes place) within the wall.The backer board must be acceptable forsteam roomuse and installed per board manufacturer's written installtion instructions; this includes taping of all board joints as required by the board manufacturer. Use 254 Platinum or 257 Titanium and 2" (50mm) wide, alkali-resistant fiberglass mesh tape to treat the board joints. Be sure to allow space at the ceiling/wall transition for the insertionofaslip joint toallowexpansion/ contraction to take place (Please refer to Section 3.4 for more information on slip joints).

Pipes andpenetrationsthroughboard should be accounted for and space between board andpenetration should be kept to a minimum.Allow the mortar used to tape the board joints to harden and then commence with waterproofing the entire inside area of the steam room with HYDRO BAN or 9235 Waterproofing Membrane.The entire steamroom should be waterproofed, including the ceiing,walls,floor, seat(s),penetrations,and any otherexposed areas;this will help improve the functionality of the vapor diffusionretarder and inhibit the passage of much of the moisture through the system.Loop the HYDRO BAN (must be used in conjunction with Waterproofing/Anti-FractureFabricwhen instlling slip joints) or 9235 Waterproofing Membrane to loop into the slip joints to allow for excessive movement in these areas. Any vapor transpiring through the HYDRO BAN or 9235 Waterproofing Membrane should easily be handled by the vapor diffusionretarder.Make sure thatALL penetrationsare properly waterproofed! (Please refer to Section 6.3 for more informationon treating pipes and penetrations).

Tile canbe installed directly onto the HYDRO BAN or 9235 Waterproofing Membrane as soon as it is dry to the touch. 254 Platinum or 257 Titanium are the thin-sets of choice for steam room/steam shower installtions.For installation of large format tile orstone inasteam room,we would recommend the use of MULTIMAXTM LITE. Check with the manufacturer of the tile to make sure thatitis compatible for steam room applications.

Once the tileorstoneinstallationhassetfim,groutthe installation with SPECTRALOCK? PRO Premium Groutt for best performance.Alternative grouting choices would be either PERMACOLOR Grout; or, PERMACOLOR Select.Use LATASILTM,with LATASIL 9118 Primer,for treating the sides of tile orstone at movement joints, slip joints,around the drain,to seallighting fixtures,access panels (if present), or at any change of plane.Please note that LATASIL 9118 Primer should not contact theLATICRETE waterproofing membrane.The use of SPECTRALOCK PRO Premium Grout will add to the perfomance of the tile installtionbecuse it has an absorption rate of <0.5% It will benecessary to wait for 14 days for the cementitious grout,and 10 days for SPECTRALOCK PRO Premium Grout to cure at 70°\mathsf{F}(2\mathsf{l}°() before turning onthe steam generation unit.

Il.Unless specified otherwise,asuitable primary shower pan liner,complying with ASTM D4068 "Standard Specificationfor Chlorinated Polyethylene (CPE)Sheting for Concealed Water Containment Membrane",D4551 "Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) Plastic Flexible Concealed Water Containment Membrane" or other approved material would be installed to tie into the bottom flange of the drain (without blocking the weep holes). Turn shower pan membrane up walls a minimum of 3" (75mm) above the top of steam rooms/steam showers with a curb or 6" [150mm]) above floors in steam rooms or steam showers without curbs.No matter which of the approved materials is used as the shower pan liner, it must be properly tied into the bottom flange of the drain. The liner is applied directly onto the concrete or masonry walls and concrete floor. Turn shower pan membrane up walls a minimum of 3" (75mm) above the top of the curb (6" [150mm] above floors in steam rooms or steam showers without curbs.

The shower pan must be properly formed and fastened to prevent problems. Check with local building code to help determine what typeof shower pan lineris acceptable in your area. Slope curbs at the rate of V4"per foot(6mm per 300mm).Perform aflood test to determine integrity of the pan linerand make repairs as necessarybefore proceeding (see Section 6.3 for more information on flood testing).

Afterthe shwerpanliner is inplace,installthevapor diffusion retarder (vapor barrie) directly onto the side of the framing that wilbe exposed to the steam room.The vapor diffusion retarder (vapor barrier) should be 4—6 mil thick polyethylene (cross-laminated virgin polyethylene is excellent)and,if possible,should be one piece tht can fit into the entire area (please refer to Sections 3.5 and 6.3 for more information).Fasten the vapor diffusion retarder (vapor barrier) to the studs with corrosion resistant fasteners.A spot of LATASILTM 100% silicone) onto the fasteners willhelp prevent moisture penetration through the fastener holes.Make sure that the vapor diffusion retarder (vapor barrier) is properly formed and is tight to the studs of the wallsand ceiling. Yes－ the vapor diffusion retarder (vapor barrier) mustbe installed onto theceiling as well as the walls, as steam wilcertainly try to escape through the ceiling. If possible, the vapor difusion retarder (vapor barrier) should be one piece to preventmoisture escape through any seams. It is imperative that this vapor diffusion retarder (vapor barrier)be placed so that it laps into the shower pan liner! This way any moisture that comes in contact with the vapor diffusionretarder (vapor barrier) wil drain into the shower pan and through the weepholes of the drain.

The adition of a suitable insulation material between the joists should be done before installtion of the specified non-insulated backer board.Wallsutiling a foam-cored board (e.g. HYDRO BAN? Board) may provide enough thermal resistance (R value) to act as the insulation.The Project design team will have to determine the R value and determine suitability of board to act as insulation.

Once the vapor diffusion retarder (vaporbarrier)hasbeen properly installd,application of the insulation panels or HYDRO BAN Board can commence. These panels are typically fastened mechanically through to the substrate through the vapor diffusion retarder (vapor barrier); check with the insulation manufacturer for proper installation instructions for their product in this application. A dab of LATASILTM can helppreventmoisture from getting throughthefastener holes Installgalvanized diamond metal lth, complying with ASTM C847 "Standard Specification for Metal Lath", according to the current revision of ANSI A108.02 3.6 and ANSIA108.1A.Make sure that no fasteners penetrate the shower panliner.Pencil rods and tie wires should be used to secure the metal lath in place.As stated in the TCNA Handbook for Ceramic, Glass and Stone Tile Installation, Attach four equally spaced tie wires through the insulation. Aftach %4" (6mm) diameter steel pencil rods vertically over the insulation.Attachmetal lath to pencil rods on wallsand ceiings."45

Applyamortarbed consisting of 3701Fortified Mortar; or, Quick Cure MortarBedas scratch and leveling coats,in compliance with ANSI A108.02 4.0 and A108.1 5.0 over the wire lath on the walls and ceiling.The scratch and float coats can be installed in lifts up to V2" (12mm) thick and should be floated plumb and true.

Next, install {\mathfrak{a}}2^{\mathfrak{n}} (50mm) thick minimum, wire-reinforced mortar bed of 3701FortifiedMortar, or,QuickCure Mortar Bed onto the shower pan liner. The wire-reinforcement should be 2"x2" (50mm x 50mm),16 gauge, galvanized, welded wire mesh (or other as noted in ANSI A108.02 3.7) and should be placed at halfthe depth of the mortar bed. Make sure that the mortar bed maintains the V4" per foot (6mm per 300mm) slope to drain which was established by the pre-pitch in the sub-floor.

Allow the mortar bed onthe floor to set until firm and then commence with waterproofing the inside area of the steam room with HYDRO BAN? or 9235 Waterproofing Membrane The entire stemromshodbe waterprofed, inclig theceiling,walls,for setnanytherexosear this will help improve the functionality of the vapor diffusion retarder (vapor barrier) and inhibit the passage of much of the moisture through the system. Any vapor transpiring through the HYDRO BAN or 9235 Waterproofing Membrane should easilybehandled bythe vapordiffusionretarder (vapor barrier). Loop the HYDRO BAN (must be used in conjunction with LATICRETEWaterproofing/Anti-Fracture Fabric when installing slip joints) or 9235Waterprofing Membrane to loop into the slip jointsto allow for excessive movement in these areas.Make sure that any and all penetrations and fixtures are properly waterproofed! (Please refer to Section 6.3formore informationon treating pipes and penetrations).

Tile can be installed directly onto theHYDRO BAN, HYDRO BAN Quick Cure,or 9235Waterproofing Membrane as soon as it is dry to the touch. 254 Platinum is the thin-set of choice for steam room/steam shower installations. Check with the manufacturer of the tile to make sure thatitis compatible in steam room applications.

Once the tileortone installationhassetfim,grout the installation with SPECTRALOCK PRO Premium Groutt for best performance. Alternative grouting choices would be either PERMACOLOR?Grout; or,PERMACOLOR Select. Use LATASILM, with LATASIL918 Primer, for treting the sides of tile orstone at movement joints, slip joints, around the drain,to seallighting fixures,accesspanels (if present),oratany changeof plane.Please notethat LATASIL 9118Primer should not be used in slip joints and should not contact the LATICRETE waterproofing membrane The use of SPECTRALOCK PRO Premium Grout will add to the performance of the tile installation because ithas an absorption rate of <0.5% It willbenecessaryfo wait for14 days for the cementitious grout, and 10 days for SPECTRALOCK PRO Premium Grout to cure at 70°\mathsf{F}(2\mathsf{l}°() before turning on the steam generation unit.

Expansion joints are generallyplaced at the wall/floor and wall/celing transitions.Largersteamroomsmayrequire additional expansion joints to allow for movement. The project design professional should indicate where these expansion joints are placed.Refer to the Tile Council of North America Handbook for Ceramic Tile Installation—current year EJ-171 for more information and details. (Please refer to Section 3.4 for more information on movement joints).

Once the steam room is ready... ENJOY!!

Pleaserefertotheproperexecutionstatementlocatedatin Section7.2 for more detailed instructions and Section 8for details on steam room/steam shower installations.

Please keep in mind that it would be beneficial for all concerned to make sure that the steam room construction and installation are done properly the first time.Any mistake canlead to structural damage, mold, water infiltration issues, and more...Repairs can be extensive; and the steam room would be far more costly to repair than to do it right the first time!!

SPECIFICATIONS

Method SR613—Masonry or Concrete Walls withMortarBed
MethodSR613Sheet Membrane-Masonry or Concrete Walls
with Mortar Bed with HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane
Method SR613 Sheet Membrane Linear Drain-Masonry or
Concrete Walls with Mortar Bed, HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane
and HYDRO BAN Linear Drain
MethodSR613Sheet Membrane BFD-Masonry or Concrete
Walls with Mortar Bed, HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane and HYDRO
BAN Bonding Flange Drain
MethodSR614-Framed Construction withCementBackerBoard
Method SR614 HYDRO BANBoard-Framed Construction with
HYDRO BAN Board
Method SR614 Sheet Membrane -Framed Construction with
Cement Backer Board and HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane
Method SR614 Bonding Flange Drain-Framed Construction with
HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane and HYDRO BAN Bonding Flange
Drain
Method SR614 HYDRO BAN Board BFD - Framed Construction
with HYDRO BAN Board and HYDRO BAN Bonding Flange Drain
Method SR614 HYDRO BAN Board Linear Drain - Framed
Construction with HYDRO BAN Board and HYDRO BAN Linear Drain
Method SR614 HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane Linear Drain -
Framed Construction with Cement Backer Board, HYDRO BAN
Sheet Membrane and HYDRO BAN Linear Drain
Method S313StainlessSteel DirectBond－Stainless Steel
Construction with Direct Adhered Tile
Method S314StainlessSteelMortarBed—StainlessSteel
Construction with Mortar Bed and Tile

Section 8: Steam Room/Steam Shower Detail Drawings

8.1 Masonry or Concrete Walls with Mortar Bed

Drawing No. ES-SR613

NOTE: Vapor diffusion retarder (vapor barrier) to drape into primary shower pan liner. This detail is intended to show installation of LATICRETE products and is not to be used to show steam room construction，placement of insulation, type of finish, structural considerations, or other design features. lnsulation must be of proper type and thickness to ensure that dew point temperature occurs within the insulation and prevent condensation within the concrete or concrete masonry wall. Insulation to be continuous on walls_ and ceiling except at slip joints. \* Tile installation mortar to be either 257 TITANIUM""，254 Platinumor MULTiMAxLITE

NOTE: HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane Sealing Tape is used to treat board joints, corners and coves. HYDRO BAN Collar is used to treat pipe penetrations. See DS 040.0 for more complete installation instructions. This detail is intended to show installation of LATICRETE products and is not to be used to show steam room construction, placement of insulation, type of finish, structural considerations, or other design features. \* Slurry bond coat, tile installation mortar and mortar for installation of HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane to be either 257 TITANIUMm, 254 Platinum or MULTIMAx" LITE.

Revision Date: 4/20 Scale: N.T.S.

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8.3 Masonry or Concrete Walls with Mortar Bed, HYDRO BAN? Sheet Membrane and HYDRO BAN Linear Drain

Drawing No. ES-SR613LD

NOTE: This detail is intended to show installation of LATICRETE products and is not to be used to show steam room construction, placement of insulation, type of finish, structural considerations, or other design features. Insulation must be of proper type and thickness to ensure that dew point temperature occurs within the insulation and prevent condensation within the concrete or concrete masonry wall. Insulation to be continuous on walls and ceiling except at slip joints. \* Slurry bond coat, tile installation mortar and mortar for installation of HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane to be either 257 TITANIUM"，254 Platinum or MULTIMAx" LITE

8.4 Masonry or Concrete Walls with MortarBed, HYDRO BANSheet Membrane and HYDRO BAN Bonding Flange Drain

Drawing No. ES-SR613BFD

NOTE: This detail is intended to show installation of LATICRETE products and is not to be used to show steam room construction, placement of insulation, type of finish, structural considerations, or other design features. Insulation must be of proper type and thickness to ensure that dew point temperature occurs within the insulation and prevent condensation within the concrete or concrete masonry wall. Insulation to be continuous on walls and ceiling. \* Slurry bond coat, tile installation mortar and mortar for installation of HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane to be either 257 TITANIUM", 254 Platinum or MULTIMAx" LITE

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8.5Framed Construction with Cement Backer Board

(C)2020 LATICRETE INTERNATIONAL, INC.ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. THE RIGHT TO UTILIZE LATICRETEDETAILSFOR COMMERCIALPURPOSESISGRANTEDEXCLUSIVELYTO CONTRACTORS, ARCHITECTSQUANTITYSURVEYORS,ENGINEERS,ANDSPECIFICATIONSWRITERS.ALL TRADEMARKS SHOWN ARE THEINTELLECTUAL PROPERTIES OF THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS.

Revision Date: 4/20 Scale: N.T.S.

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8.6 Framed Construction with HYDRO BAN Board SR614 with HYDRO BAN Board with HYDRO BAN Board

NOTE: \* HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane installation mortar, HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane Sealing Tape installation mortar and tile installation mortar to be either 257 TITANIUMM 254 Platinum or MULTIMAx LITE. ～ HYDRO BAN Board Sealing Tape and Pre-Formed Corners to be used at all board joints, fastener penetrations and corners. This detail is intended to show installation of LATICRETE products and is not to be used to show steam room construction,placement of insulation,type of finish, structural considerations, or other design features.

Revision Date: 4/20 Scale: N.T.S.

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NOTE: \* HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane _and tile installation mortar to be either 257 TITANIUM", 254 Platinum or MULTIMAxm LITE. This detail is intended to show installation of LATICRETE products and is not to be used to show steam room construction, placement of insulation, type of finish, structural considerations, or other design features. insulation must be of proper type and thickness to ensure that dew point temperature occurs within the insulation and prevent condensation within the concrete or concrete masonry wall. Insulation to be continuous on walls and ceiling.

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8.8 Framed Construction with HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane and HYDRO BAN Bonding Flange Drain ES-SR614 withSheet Membrane and BondingFlange Drain

Drawing No. ES-SR614BFD

NOTE: Cement Backer Board to be installed per board manufacturer's written installation instructions, including taping of joints. All fastener penetrations to be treated with HYDRO BAN Board Sealing Tape or HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane Pipe Collar as stated in D.S. O40.0. This detail is intended to show installation of LATICRETE products and is not to be used to show steam room construction, placement of insulation，type of finish，structural considerations，or other design features. Insulation must be of proper type and thickness to ensure that dew point temperature occurs within the insulation and prevent condensation within the concrete or concrete masonry wall. Insulation to be continuous on walls and ceiling except at slip joints. \* Slurry bond coat, tile installation mortar and mortar for installation of HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane to be either 257 TITANIUM", 254 Platinum or MULTIMAx LITE.

Revision Date:4/20 Scale: N.T.S.

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Drawing No. ES-SR614HBB-BFD

NOTE: HYDRO BAN Board to be installed as state din DS O40.0 including treatment of joints, corners,coves， and penetrations. All fastener penetrations to be treated with HYDRO BAN Board Sealing Tape and all pipe penetrations to be treated with HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane Pipe Collar as stated in D.S. O40.O.This detail is intended to show installation of LATICRETE products and is not to be used to show steam room construction，placement of insulation，type of finish，structural considerations, or other design features. Insulation must be of proper type and thickness to ensure that dew point temperature occurs within the insulation and prevent condensation within the concrete or concrete masonry wall. Slurry bond coat, tile installation mortar and mortar for installation of HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane to be either 257 TITANIUM"，254 Platinum or MULTIMAx" LITE.

Drawing No. ES-SR614HBB-LD

NOTE: \* HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane, HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane Sealing Tape, slurry boand coat and tile installation mortar to be either 257 TITANIUM"m, 254 Platinum or MULTIMAxm LITE. ^ HYDRO BAN Board Sealing Tape and Pre-Formed Corners to be used at all board joints,fastener penetrations and corners.Pipe penetrations to be treated with HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane Pipe Collar as stated in D.S. O40.0. This detail is intended to show installation of LATICRETE products and is not to be used to show steam room construction，placement of insulation，type of finish，structural considerations，or other design features.

Revision Date:1/20 Scale: N.T.S.

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NOTE:Cement Backer Board to be installed per board manufacturer's written installation instructions， including taping of joints.All fastener penetrations to be treated with HYDRO BAN Board Sealing Tape or HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane Pipe Collar as stated in D.S. 040.0.This detail is intended to show installation of LATICRETE products and is not to be used to show steam room construction, placement of insulation，type of finish， structural considerations，or other design features.Insulation must be of proper type and thickness to ensure that dew point temperature occurs within the insulation and prevent condensation within the concrete or concrete masonry wall. Insulation to be continuous on walls and ceiling. \* Slurry bond coat， tile installation mortar and mortar for installation of HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane to be either 257 TITANIUM"，254 Platinum or MULTIMAx" LITE.

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Note: Slurry bond coat， tile installation mortar and mortar for installation of HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane to be either 257 TITANIUMm,254 Platinum or MULTIMAX LITE.

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Drawing No. ES-WP302

NOTE: It is important to ensure that drain weep holes are not blocked and are functioning fully.

Drawing No. ES WP302 HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane

ASAPROFESSIONAL COURTESY,LATICRETE OFFERS TECHNICALSERVICESFREE OFCHARGE.THEUSER MAINTAINS ALLRESPONSIBILITY FORVERIFYING THE APPLICABILTYANDSUITABILTYOFTHETECHNICAL SERVICE OR INFORMATION PROVIDED.
Revision Date: 4/20 Scale: N.T.S.
(C)2020LATICRETEINTERNATIONAL,INC.ALLRIGHTSRESERVED.THERIGHT TOUTILIZE LATICRETEDETALSFORCOMMERCIALPURPOSESIS GRANTEDEXCLUSIVELYTOCONTRACTORS, ARCHITECTS,QUANTITYSURVEYORS,ENGINEERSANDSPECIFICATONSWRITERS.ALL TRADEMARKS SHOWN ARE THE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTIES OF THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS.

Click here for pdf detail Click herefoaccesstheLATICRETEArchitecturalGuidebooktoacesBIMcontent, CADdetailandsumittlpackge

NOTE: This detail is intended to show installation of LATICRETE products and is not to be used to show steam room construction, placement of insulation,type of finish, structural considerations，or other design features. \*Slurry bond coat, tile installation mortar and mortar for installation of HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane to be either 257 TITANIUM""，254 Platinum or MULTIMAx" LITE

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NOTE: This detail is intended to show installation of LATICRETE products and is not to be used to show steam room construction, placement of insulation, type of finish, structural considerations, or other design features. \*Slurry bond coat, tile installation mortar and mortar for installation of HYDRO BAN Sheet Membrane to be either 257 TITANIUM，254 Platinum or MULTIMAx"m LITE.

Revision Date:4/20 Scale: N.T.S.

Section 9: Steam Room/Steam Shower Quality Assurance

9.1 Quality Assurance

The success ofasteamroom/steamshower project depends entirely ona good quality assurance program implemented at all levels of the project.Unfortunately, comprehensive quality assurance programs remain the most overlooked and ignored process in the design and construction of steam rooms and steam showers.There are important distinctions between the terms "quality assurance" and "quality control". The distinction is that qualityassuranceispreventativeinnature and encompasses all theproceduresnecessarytoinsure quality,fromdesign through implementation.Quality controlis corrective in nature, typicllyimplemented during or aftera procedure, and is only one component of a more comprehensive and planned quality assurance program.A quality assurance program should include quality checks during the design, specification and bidding phases as wellas during and after construction.One factor of tile installations in steam room/steam shower applications is the quality of the installation is only as good as each component, and its' installation, of the system. Choosing the proper products and installing them correctly iscritical to the long-tem performance of the steam room.

A comprehensive quality program for the design and construction of steam rooms and steamshowers should involve the following:

Owner

■Define Scope of Work ■Organizational Requirements ■ Quality Objectives

Design Professional

Wall System, Shower Pan/Floor System and Ceiling System
Product Comonent Design,ecification,Istallation, d Inspection Procedure Training
■Pre-lnstalltion Conference Materials and Methods
■Identification of Construction Progress and Post Installtion Inspection, Testing and Evaluation Requirements; Identify Resolution Methods for Non-Compliant Conditions
■Develop and Specify Post Installation Preventative
Maintenance Programs

Construction Professional

■ Substrate Preparation
■Control of Materials (Evaluation of Contract Document Performance Requirements,MaterialSuppliers,Delivery, Handling, and Records)
■Product Use Monitoring and Documentation (Pot Life, Curing, Protection and Batch Mixing)
■Setting or Fixing of Tile or Stone —Adhesion Monitoring
(Spreading, Thickess, Open Tme, Tackiness,Bealn,
Coverage)
■ Clean-Up and Protection

9.2 Inspection and Maintenance

Inspection-As withanytype oftile orstone installation, a systematicpost-installation inspection and maintenance plan should be developed (and implemented) by the facility maintenance engineer and/or owner.Whether defects develop from exposure tonormalservice conditions,orexistfrom defective installation,they oftenarehiddenfrom viewanddonot manifestas problems until anadvanced stage of deterioration or failure.Therefore,itis essentialto develop, as aminimum, systematic plan of visual inspections including pre-construction materialand sample evaluations,during construction,and upon completion.The inspections should be conducted onaregular and continual basis, with immediate inspection and maintenance after periods of long steam room operation.Visual comparisons with referenceamlesandbservationfrbviusignsofdistress such as cracked cladding/jointing material orsigns of water leakage,shoudbefollwedbyxtnsiveinpectionnd testin

A well performed visual inspection record (including pictures) of steam room conditions can serve asan excellent reference point for performance of the steam room and its components in the future.In addition to inspection of the performance and adhesion of the cladding material, other critical components of the wall system,suchasmovement joints and penetrations,should be inspected and assessed.

Maintenance - A systematic maintenance plan is a critical required final step in steam room/steam showers that is often overlooked. A steamroom is exposed to harsh, deteriorating conditions and without regularmaintenance,the normal deterioration process will be accelerated.The result isaloss of performance and shortening of expected service life.

Maintenance of steam rooms is categorized according to how and when maintenance actions are taken.Preventative maintenance is planned and that represents aproactive approach that maintains specifiedperformance and prevents potential defects orfailures. Preventative maintenance includes anticipated routine actions and repairs,suchspplicationofprotectivesealersordterioratd sealantreplacement,aswellas unexpected repairssuchas replacementof cracked tileorstone,orcorrecting waterleaksthat may manifest into structural problems later

The benefitsof preventative maintenance are well documented; preventionhasbeen proventoincrease expected servicelife and,costafraction of more extensive remedial action(corrective maintenance) typically required once a problem occurs. Corrective maintenance is aremedial action,which repairs a problem after occurrence.Corrective maintenance is necessary to preventfurther deterioration or totalfailure ofasteamroom system.Corrective maintenance may involve evaluation with eithera non-destructive or destructive est procedure.

The use of an epoxy grout (e.g. SPECTRALOCK?t PRO Premium Grout)aids inthe maintence f the instaltionThese epoxy grouts reduce the amount of time needed to clean,seal and provide generalupkeeptypicallyrequired with traditional cement based products.

9.3 Protection and Sealing - Water Repellent Sealers and Coatings

The purpose and performance of water repellent sealers and coatings is widely misunderstood by design and construction professionals.Generally, clear waterepellent coatings aid in retarding surface waterabsorptionof porousmaterials,thereby reducing adhesion of atmospheric pollution and other stains to the surface.However,these materials often provideafalse sense of security due to the lack of understanding of their suitability, compatibility,and performance.Waterrepellents canreduce water leakage and deterioration through normally porous til,stone or grout materials,but theyare notacureto bnormallekage caused by fundamental defects in detailing and construction.

There are several general principles foruseand application of sealers.Watrrepellentsealrsrentwatrprofndeerally cannot bridge gaps orhairline cracks in grout joints or the cladding material,so thesematerialsare useless whenusedovercracks or very porous materials.Sealers suitable for steamroomsmust be vapor permeable, and allow the wall materials to “breathe" vapor,butstop waterpenetration.Sealers canalso create functional oresthetic defects that are intended tobe prevented or corrected by their application.Sealers can have anegative effect onasteam room system if water infiltrates behind the tile/ stone throughhairline cracks/gaps,or,throughpoorly designed or constructed wall interfaces.Sealers can trap moisture withina wll, andcaseeffloresencespllingxfolitionof theclddi material, orstructural damage.

Assealersageand weather,severalother problemscan occur.Effetivenessistpicallyreducedovertime,soeriodic reapplication (depending on the manufacturer's formulation and recommendations) is necessary; effective service life ranges from 25 years.Sealers mayalso allowvariable weting of the grot, tile or stone from poor application or from weathering; this can produceablothyappearance.Insomecases,the sealercanbe reapplied; in othercases it maybe necessary to allowthe sealer to completely "weather off",orbe removed chemically to restore a uniform appearance. Please check with sealer manufacturer for complete information on their products.

Compatibilityof sealers isalso important, with the materials o be sealed,as well as adiacent and underlying components of the steam room system.The appearance of certaintile,stone or grout materials canbe affectedby sealers.Poorapplication orpoor quality products can darken orchange appearance.Silicone based sealer formulationscausediscoloration onhighlime surfaces such as limestone ormarble.Application(oroverspray)of sealersto non-porous tile suchas porcelainwillresult in visible residue or dripping,wet appearance fromsealers that do not absorb (e.g. acrylics and urethanes)Sealant joints, waterproofing membranes, and metal are some of the system components that could be affected by solvents in some formulations.

Prior toapplictionofwate repellents, lljoint selantwork should cure a minimum of 72 hours; the solvents in these materials can affect the cure of sealants.Protection should also be provided forothersolvent-sensitive material, suchas waterproofing membranes, rubber, glass, and metal frames,by saturating with dish washing soap and water prior to application. Most water-based formulations are non-reactive withsolvent sensitive materials.

As anAlternative toUsing Sealers or Coatings

Use LATICRETE SPECTRALOCK?t PRO Premium Grout in conjunction with a porcelain bodied tile.SPECTRALOCK PRO Premium Grout never needs sealing.The grout becomes just as dense and durable as the porcelain tile.

9.4 Steam (Heat and Moisture) -Effects On A Tile Installation

All building materials expand and contract when exposed to changes in temperature.There are two factors to consider in analyzing thermal movement:

■the rates of expansion of different materials (also known as the linear coefficient of thermal expansion) ■the anticipated temperature range exposure

The primary goal in analyzing thermal movement is to determine both the cumulative and individual differential movement that occurs within and between components of the facade wallassembly. For example, a porcelain tilehas anaverage coeffcient of linear expansion of between 4*8x10{-}6\:mm/^{\circC/mm} of length. The chart above takes into account only the porcelain tile.Othertile or stone typeshave varying coefficient of thermal expansion values, as do grouts,sealants,etting materials,and other components of the steam room assembly. These must all be taken into account when determining the selection of materials as wellas movement joint size,spacing and construction.Figure9.4.1shows that each porcelain tile is expanding the stated measurement in each direction. In a steam room measuring 10^{\prime}x10^{\prime}x8^{\prime}(3\mathsf{m}x3\mathsf{m}x2.4\mathsf{m}) where 12"x12" (300mm x 300mm) tile is used the movement caused by thermal expansion is 4mm (0.16^{\prime\prime}) horizontally and 3.2mm\left(0.725°\right) vertically.The above stated calculations are just forthermal expansion of the tile onlyand must be added to the calculations for theotherfactors thatwillhave aneffect on movement (e.g.thermal induced structural deflection, moisture expansion,linearexpansionbetween adhesive and substrate, etc...). The general rule for determining the width of a movement joint is 2—3 times the anticipated movement. The minimum recommended width of any individual joint is 3/8" (10mm) Therefore,thecalculationsmust include thisfactaswellThere is also potential differential movement between the veneer and underlying substrate that must be accommodated by the flexiblity of the adhesive and sealant.

Please note that glasstile orglassmosaics mayhave aneven greater degree of thermal expansion than porcelain ile.Check with the glass manufacturer to determine the coefcient of thermal expansionforthe particularglass tilebeing used tohelpdetermine the required movement for llowance of thermal expansion.

Thermal Induced Structural Deflection * Thermal induced structural deflection is a phenomenon, which can occur when there is significant temperature differentilbetween the exterior and interior of a framed steam room structure.This can cause the framing tobend and exert force onthe exteriorwall assembly.For example, 050°\mathsf{F} (10°0) temperature differential between interior (in the steam room)and exterior wall of the steam room in an air conditioned space canresultin stress being induced onthe structure. An engineering analysis to determine movement joint requirements is mandatory,because the frame transmits movement directly to the fixed, direct adhered cladding.This problem seems to be more acute in steel framed steam room structures.

The use of properlyplaced and installed insulation should prevent thermalinduced structuraldeflectionfromoccuring.

Moisture Expansion-Building materials will be affected by moisture and any subsequent moisture expansion (water absorption into the material). Somebuilding materials (typicallynot used inα steam room) may be permanently affected by long-term moisture expansion.The effects of moisture expansion and contractionof building materials may also cause problems with tile installation systems.Forinstance,theusefatilewithlwwaterabsorption (e.g. porcelain, glass) with ahigh absorption, cement based grout maycause cracking withinthe grout joint due to compressiveforces as the grout expands from the moisture.The use of a low absorption epoxy grout (e.g.SPECTRALOCK P R0^{\circledast} Premium Grout) can help to minimize or eliminate this particular issue.

Mold and Mildew-As withany area thathasameasure of moisture and/or humidity, mold and mildew may become an issue. Steam rooms/steamshowers are not exceptions.

Since steamrooms/steamshowers createmoistheat,they potentially could be anarea where bacteria canflourish,sobacterial infection isa risk in this environment. Some bacteria, suchas

methicilin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), canthrive inα steam room, and may enter the body through any open wound or cut and cause severe infections.Mold and mildew can also flourish ina steam room/steam shower environment and cuse unsightly growth and possiblehealthissues for the steam room users.

Ceramictileand stonerepresentexcellentprotectionagainstmold and mildew.Ceramic tile and stone are inherently water-resistant, whereas some of the other finishtypes can absorb moisture and degrade overtime,furtheradding to themold isue.Abuilding owner certainly would ratherhave finishes in their structures that are resistant to the threat of mold and mildew.Therefore,ceramic tile and stone is the natural choice tobe used asafinish material that can provide long lasting benefis These benefits include along in-service life ycle,nonegative contribtiontoindoorairquality nd are very easy to maintain.When compared to otherfinishmaterials, the clear choice istouse ceramictile and stone as afinish material in today's healthy building environments.

The use of LATICRETE products that incorporate anti-microbial protectioncanhelp to eliminate the growth of unsightly mold and mildew into the grout orsealant joints.Mold and mildewmay still appear onthe surface of thegroutorsealntdue tothe presence of organic materil(e.g.hair, dead skin,towel fibrs, etc...), it should not cause permanent dicoloration of the material.However, the presence of the antimicrobial does not mean that the grout or sealant is maintenance free.Please refer to Section 9.5for Maintenance recommendations.

9.5 Maintenance and Repair of Tile or Stone - Steam Rooms

It may be necessary,from time to time,to make repairs to the steam room/steam shower in areas where plumbing, lighting fixturestonefiingstemgnrortm and other components of the steam room system show signs of disrepair.

Maintenance -A suitable maintenance regimen, using STONETECH products, shoudbe established foralltypes of steamroms, including both residentil,lowuse types and large commercial steam rooms, which are in constant operation.

Cleaners and sanitizers, capable of elminating mold and mildew (e.g.STONETECH Mold &Mildew Stain Remover) should be used ona consistent basisto prevent issues associated with mold or mildew.Some cleaners and sanitizers mayhave a deleterious effect on the grout, sealant and tile.Acid based cleaners can have n effect onnotonly grout, sealant ndtilebtmayalohave onany exposed metal surfaces in the steam room/steam shower.

Makesurethatanyclanerssanitizer,water/steamtreatmet or other maintenance products used ina steam room environment aresfefortileandstone,swellassafeforthepeoplewho use the steamroom/steam shower.If possible,theuseof non-pigmented,neutral pH cleaners and sanitizers (STONETECH? Stone & Tile Cleaner) is recommended. Aromatherapy oils/additive manufacturers should certify that theirproduct(s)issafeforsteam room use.

RepaiingTrtonelacing lstone,gro,nde should onlybe attempted when the steam generatorhasbeen turned off and the tile orstone installation and the substrate have had suffcient time to dry.There shouldbe no repairs orreplacement attempted while thesteam generator isstillinoperationToreplace anytilestone,groutorsealantinsteamroom/steamshower application, the LATICRETE materials listed in Sections6&7 can be utilized for eachtype of application (e.g.ES-SR613,ES-SR614, etc....

Iftile orseememgeonisill possible tomake repairs,bt greatcaremustbe taken.Damage any of thekey,functional components (e.g.vapordifusion retarder waterproofing membrane,movement joints,etc...） of the steam rooms installationsystemmayrequiremore elaborate repairsThis inclds possible removal and replacement of the entire steamroom system.

The removal of tile without damaging the waterproofing membrane is critical to being able to make the repair easier. If the waterproofing membrane is damaged during repair work it will be required to repair the membrane.If the tile is small in size or theareaof membrane damageis extensive thiscanbe very, very difficult to perform.The reason is that either HYDRO BAN or 9235Waterproofing Membranemustoverlap 2" (50mm)onto undamaged membrane. This may mean having to remove tiles that are not damaged in any way to ensure that the LATICRETE membrane will perform as required. Removal of the tile should not be performed using sharp tools or instruments, which may corrupt the membrane.Great care should also be used when pry bars and levers (including screwdrivers twisted)are used as they candamage the membrane.

10.1 Case Study

{3.2\#} expandale diamondmetallthfasteed throughthe rigidfominsulationboard ththasben installdvervapordifusion retarder (vapor barrier).

Bench/walltransition and proper placement of 3.2\# expandable diamond metal lath.

Transitionof wallsto ceilingpriortoinstallationof 3701Fortified MortarBed.

Tie-in of 3.2\# expandable diamond metal lath to steam room light fixture.

Installation of 3.2# expandable diamond metal lath to stainless steel door frame and flashing.

Wall partiallyfinished withscratchcoatof 3701Fortified MortarBed.

Finishing the application of the3701Forified MortarBed scratch coat.

Scratching the 3701FortifiedMortar Bed withapiece of metal lath.

Afinished scratch coat wallthat is now ready for the float coat.

The steam room seats after the installation of the 3701Fortified Mortar Bed.

Finishing the application of the3701Forified Mortar Bed scratch coat.

Scratching the 3701Fortified Mortar Bed witha piece of metal lath.

A finished scratch coat wallthat is now ready for the float coat.

The steam room seats affer the installation of the 3701Fortified Mortar Bed.

Installation of tile onto 9235Waterproofing Membrane using 254 Platinum

Continuing tile installtion onto all surfaces using 254 Platinum

Finished installation of 2"x2" (50mm x 50mm) vitreous ile using 254 Platinum. Notice the cut-out in the wall for the emergency cllswitch

Same view of finished installation after grouting with SPECTRALOCK? PRO Premium Grout and LATASIL".

Finished floor installation of tile.Floor and seats are sloped %4" per foot (6mm per 300mm) to the drain.

The finished tile installation and stainless steel steam room door.

Section 10: Appendix

10.2 Glossary

ABSORPTION－ the relationship of the weight of water absorbed to theweight of the drypecimen,expressed inpercentaes

AGGLOMERATE TILE-a man-made stone product generally consistingofeithercrushed marble,graniteorquartzchips with a matrix of resins and mineral pigments. Usually available in assorted sizes as well as large slabs

ANSI—American National Standards Institute

APA—American Plywood Association

AROMATHERAPY (Steam Room)－ the use of essential oils as an additive to steam to help alter asteam room user's mood

ASME—American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASTM—AmericanSociety forTesting and Materials

BACK-BUTTER－the spreading of abond coat to the back of ceramic tile and stone justbefore the tile is placed

BACK MOUNTED MOSAIC TILE - mosaic tile which may have perforatedpaper,fibermesh,resinorothersuitablematerial bonded to the back of each tile which becomes an integral part of the tile installation

BICOTTURA－ method for producing tile by firing it twice (fist fireisforbody second istofue glazesorpatninglzen the body).

BISQUE － the refined mixture of clay, water and additives that has been shaped into the body of a tile

BODY－ the structural portion of a ceramic tile

BOND COAT-a material used between the back of a tile and the substrate.Suitable bond coats fora steam room application include latexportland cementmortar andepoxy adhesive

BOND STRENGTH-a bond coat's ability to resist separating from the tile and underlayment, mesured in pounds persquare inch (psi)

BROWN COAT－the second coatina three-coat render or mortar application

BULLNOSE-a trim fle with a convex radius on one edge

BTU (British Thermal Unit) -A unit of measurement used to define the capabities ofheaters.OneBTU iscapable of rising the temperature of one pound of water by 1°F(one liter of water 1.2°()

CAULK- see sealant

CEILING SLOPE- steam rooms require ceilings to be pitched 2" per foot (150mm per m) to prevent condensation from dripping onsteamroom occupants

CEMENT－ binding component of mortars and concrete (usually porland cement)

CEMENT BACKER BOARD －a backer board, usually composed of cementfillersandfiberglassmesh,designedforusewithceramic tile in wet areas

CEMENT GROUT-a cementitious mixture of portland cement, sand orotheringredients,pigmentsandwatertoproducewater resistant, uniformly colored material used to fill the joints between tile units

CEMENTITIOUS -having the properties of cement

CERAMIC TILEαsurfacing unit, usullyrelatively thin in relation to facial area, made from clay ora mixture of clay and other materials called thebodyof thetil,andhaving eitherglzed or unglazed face

CHEMICAL RESISTANCE－the resistance offered by products to physical or chemical reactions as a result of contact with or immersion in various solvents, acids, alkalis, salts, etc...

CLEAVAGE MEMBRANE－ a membrane that provides a separation and slip sheetbetween amortarbed and thesubstrate

COLD JOINT- any point in concrete construction where α pour is terminated and the surface lost plasticity before work continued

COMPACTION - the process where a freshly placed mortar is reduced to the minimumpractical space to formastronger, denser mass

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH －a material's ability to withstand a lad force,measured in pounds per square inch (psi

CONTROL JOINTS － a joint physically cut into concrete to help control cracking during the curing of the concrete

CRAZING － the cracking that occurs in fired glazes or other ceramiccoatings dueto criticaltensile stresses

CURING - maintenance of humidity and temperature of freshly placedmortarorgrouttoassuresatisfactoryhydrationof cement and proper hardening of mortar or grout

CUSHIONED EDGED TILE － tile on which the facial edges have a distinct curvature that results inaslightlyrecessed groutjoint

DEFLECTION－a variation in the position or shape of a structure element due to the effectof loads or volume change

DEW POINT-The temperature at which the water vapor, contained inavolumeofairatagiventmospheric pressure,reaches saturation and condenses to form liquid water (dew).

DIFFUSION－ The process by which water vapor spreads or moves through permeable membranes caused by a difference in vapor pressure

DOT MOUNTED MOSAICS －tile packaged in sheets and held togetherbyplasticorrubberdotsbetweentiles

EFFLORSECENCE - the residue deposited on the surface of a material (usually cement grout)by crystallization of soluble salts

EPOXY ADHESIVE- an adhesive system that employs epoxy hardening portions

EPOXY GROUT - a mortar system that employs epoxy hardening portions

EXPANSION JOINT－ a joint through tile, mortar and substrate to allowfor excessive movement

FACE-MOUNTED MOSAICS－mosaictile sheets that have paper or other suitable materialapplied to the face of the mosaicsheets, usuallywithwatersoluble adhesives foreasyremovalafterinstallation and prior to grouting

FLOOD TEST－the intentional filing of avessel with waterto test integrity of the waterproofing membrane and/orvessel shel

GLASS MOSAICTILE -tile made of glass, usually not over 2" x 2"(50mm x50mm)and 1/4"(6mm) thick and mounted on sheets. Sheets are typically 12"x12"(300mm x 300mm)

GLAZED TILE － tile with a fused impervious facial finish composed of ceramic materials fused to the body of the tile

GREENGUARD Environmental Institute - independent, third pary organization whichcertifies products forlowVOC compliance to strict standards (UL GREENGUARD Gold certification)

GROUT-a material used forflling the joints between tiles

GROUTING － the process of filing til joints with grout

HEALTH PRODUCT DECLARATION (HPD) － a globally harmonized declaration showing any hazards associated with the raw materi als of products

IAPMO - International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officers

IBC — International Building Code

IRC—International Residential Code

LARGE, HEAVY TILE MORTAR－a bonding mortar fortile and stone that is intended to be used as a bond coat 3/32" (2.4mm) thick (nominal) to %2" (12.7mm) thick after the tile is embedded.

LATEX-PORTLAND CEMENT GROUT - a mixture of portland cement grout witha latex additive or polymer

LATEX PORTLAND CEMENT MORTAR - a mixture of portland cement,sand and alatex additive

LEED — Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

LOW PERM WATERPROOF MEMBRANE-a membrane with a water vapor permeance rating of 0.5perms orless whentested per ASTM A96Procedure E,tested at 90% relative humidity.

MARBLE TILE － marble cut into tiles and available in various finishes

MASTER GRADE CERTIFICATE -a certificate which states that the tile listed in the shipment and described onthe certificate are made in accordance to industry standards

MEDIUM BED－ tile setting material that has a finished thickness between 3/8"(9mm)

METAL LATH— expandable metal mesh material which is mechanicallyfastened toasurface and onto whichamortarbedis applied

MOISTURE EXPANSION - the tendency of materials to change in volume depending upon exposure to moisture and the absorption rate of the material

MONOCOTTUA-method of producing tilebya single firing

MORTAR BED－the final coat of mortar onwall floor or ceiling before the installation of tile

MOSAIC TILE－ any tile (ceramic, porcelain or stone) with a facial dimension of less than 6 in2 which usually comes in sheets (paper face mounted, dot mounted,back mounted, etc...)

MUD—see mortar bed

NON-VITREOUS TILE － tile with an absorption rate greater than 7.0%

NOTCHED TROWEL-a trowel with aserrated or notched edge which is used to gauge the amount of mortar or adhesive to a specific thickness when setting tile

OPEN TIME- the period of time that a bond coat retains its ability to adhere to the tile and bond the tile to the substrate

PENCIL ROD - reinforcing rod with a diameter no greater than /4" (6mm)

PERM -a measure of the number of grains of water vapor which pass through a square foot (0.093\mathsf{m}^{2}) of material at a differential pressure equal to 1 inch of mercury (25.4mmHg) at 73.4°\mathsf{F} (23°0)

PERMEABILITY (VAPOR) -α materials ability to allow water vapor to pass through

PINHOLES - imperfections in the surface of tile or grout

PLASTER—a cementitious material and aggregate that, when mixed with a gauging liquid,forms a plastic mass or paste which when applied toasurface,adherestoit and subsequently hardens,preserving inarigid state the form or texture imposed during installation

PLUMB - perpendicular to a true level

PORCELAIN TILE－α ceramic tile that is dense, impervious and has an absorption rate off <0.5%

POT LIFE - the period of time during which a material maintains its workable properties afterit hasbeenmixed

SCRATCH COAT-amortar bed,applied as the first coat of amor taronawallorceiling,whose surfaceisscratchedorroughened so that subsequent mortar coats willbond properly

SEALANT－ an elastomeric material used to fill and seal expansion and control joints,prevents the passage of moisture and does not allow horizontal and lateral movement to affect the tile installation

SELF-SPACING TIE－tile with lugs, spacers or protuberances on the sides which automaticallyspace the tile for the grout joint

SEMI-VITREOUS TILE - tile with an absorption rate between 3.0 加 7.0%

SHELF LIFE - the maximum period of time that an item can be stored before it is used

SHOWER PAN - a waterproof shower floor membrane which is specifically recognized foruse inthis application—required for steam rooms as wellas showers per local building code

SLAKE－ the process of mixing a cementitious mortar or grout, allowing it to stand for 5—10 minutes and then remixing. This process makes sure that the moisture in the mix penetrates lumps in the dry components, making it easier to complete the mixing procedure

SLOPE TO DRAIN-a pitch placed ina floor used to evacuate water. /4" per foot (6mm per 300mm) is the industry recognized standard for floors

SLURRY COAT-acoat of thin-set used to bond a mortar bed toa cementitious substrate

SPACERS－ plastic or rubber units used to separate and provide consistent spacing between tiles

STATIC COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION (COF)－ the degree of slip resistance presented ina quantitative numberthatexpresses the degree of slipresistance onthe face of tile

STEAM GENERATOR- mechanism that turns water into steam and pumps the steam into the steam room under pressure

SUBFLOOR-a rough floor, plywood or boards, laid directly on joists and to which an underlayment or substrate is installed

SUBSTRATE － the underlying material to which a tile installtion material is bonded

TCNA —Tile Council of North America

THERMAL MOVEMENT－ the tendency of materials to change in volume in response to changes in temperature (Heat \mathbf{\bar{\rho}}=\mathbf{\rho} expand: Cold \mathbf{\Sigma}=\mathbf{\Sigma} contract)

THERMAL SHOCK - internal stress created when a tile undergoes rapid changes in temperature within short periods of time

THICK BED MORTAR - a thick layer of mortar that is used for leveling (see mortar bed)

THIN-SET- tile-seting material that has a final thickness of no greater than 3/32" (2.4mm) aftertile is fully embedded

USGBC － United States Green Building Council

VAPORBARRIER－see Vapor Difusion Retarder

VAPOR DIFFUSION － the movement of water vapor through vapor permeable building materials

VAPORDIFFUSION RETARDER(VAPOR BARRIER)-a material that is placed within an assembly to control the migration of moisture due to difusion

VAPOR PERMEANCE－a measure of the rate of water vapor difusion through building materials (a lower perm rating indicates less vapor permeability)

VITREOUS TILE - tile with an absorption rate of between 0.5 -3.0%

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOC)- carbon compounds that paricipate in atmospheric photochemical reactions and evaporate atnormalroom temperature

WALL TILE－a glazed tile with abody that is suitable for interior use only and has anabsorption rate of greater than 7.0%

WATERPROOFING MEMBRANE - a materidl applied to a substrate before tiling to protect the substrate and supporting sructure from damage by water

WETAREA—surfaces that are eithersoaked,saturated,or regularly and frequently subjected to moisture orliquids usually water),suchassaunas,steamrooms,showerswimming pools and more

10.4 Resource Guide Ceramic Tile Materials and Methods

Tile Council of North America (TCNA) 100 Clemson Research Blvd.
Anderson,SC29625
(864) 646-8453 Terrazzo,Tile&Marble Associationof Canada(TTMAC) 163 Buttermill Ave.
Unit 8
Concord, Ontario
Canada L4K 3X8
(905) 660-0513 Italian Tile Center(Italian Trade Commission) 33 East 67th St.
New York,NY 10022
(212) 980-1500
ASSOPIASTRELLE
Association of Italian Ceramic Tile and
Refractories Manufacturers (Confindustria Ceramica)
VialeMonte Santo 40
Sassuolo 41049
Italy
+39 0536 818111
Trade Commission of Spain
2655 LeJeune Road
Suite 1114
Coral Gable,FLA 33134
(305) 446-4387
Association of Tile Manufacturers of Spain(ACER)
Ginjols 3
Castellon 12003 Spain
+34 64-22-3012
www.ascer.es
Ceramic Tile Institute of America, Inc.(CTIOA)
12061 West Jefferson
Culver City, CA 90230-6219
(310) 574-7800 Tile Contractors Association of America (TCAA) 10434 Indiana Ave.
Kansas City, M0 64137
(816) 868-9300 National Tile Contractors Association (NTCA) 626 Lakeland East Dr.
Jackson,MS 39232
(601) 939-2071

American Ceramic Society 600 North Cleveland Ave. Westerville,OH 43082 (614) 890-4700

Ceramic Manufacturers Association
P0. Box 2489
Zanesville, OH 43702
(740) 588.0828
www.cerma.org
Ceramic Glazed Masonry Institute
P.0.Box 35575
Canton, 0H 44735
(330) 649-9551
www.cgmi.org
Natural StoneMethodsand Materials
Marble Institute of America (MIA)
28901 Clemens Rd, Suite 100
Cleveland,OH 44145
(440) 250-9223

Masonry Institute of America 22815 Frampton Ave. Torrance, CA 90501-5034 (800) 221-4000

The Masonry Society 3970 Broadway Suite 201D Boulder,C0 80304-1135 (303) 939-9700 www.masonrysociety.org

Building Stone Institute
5 Riverside Dr., Building 2
P0.Box 419
Chestertown, NY 12817
(518) 803-4336
www.buildingstoneinstitute.org
Indiana Limestone Institute of America
400 Stone City Bank Building
Suite 400
Bedford, IN 47421
(812) 275-4426 National Building Granite Quarres Association, Inc. 1220 L St., NW
Suite 100-167
Washington DC 20005
(800) 557-2848 Thin Brick Masonry Materials and Methods Brick Industry Association
1850 Centennial Park Dr.
Suite 301
Reston, VA 20191
(703) 620-0010
www.gobrick.com International Masonry Institute (IMI) The James Brice House
42 East St.
Annapolis, MD 21401
(410) 280-1305
www.imiweb.org National ConcreteMasonry Association 13750 Sunrise Valley Dr.
Herndon, VA 20171-4662
(703)713-1900
www.ncma.org
Concrete,Pre-CastConcrete
Portland Cement Association (PCA)
5420 0ld Orchard Road
Skokie, Il 60077
(847) 966-6200
www.cemenf.org Pre-cast/Pre-stressed Concrete Institute 200 West Adams St.
Suite 2100
Chicago,IL 60606
(312) 786-0300
www.pci.org

Wire Reinforcement Institute 942 Main St.,Suite 300 Hartford, CT 06103 (800) 552-4974

American Concrete Institute (ACI) 38800 Country Club Dr.
Farmington Hills, MI 48331
(248) 848-3700
www.concrete.org National Pre-cast Concrete Assn. 1320 City Center Dr.
Suite 200
Carmel, IN 46032
(317) 571-9500
www.pre-cast.org Structural Engineering
Structural Engineering Institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers (SEI/ASCE)
1801 Alexander Bell Dr.
Reston,VA 20191
(703)295-6300
www.seinstitute.org
Test Standards & Building Codes
American Society for Testing &Materials (ASTM)
100 Barr Harbor Drive
West Conshohocken,PA 19428
(610) 832-9500
www.astm.org
Materials&MethodsStandards Association(MMSA)
P.0. Box 350
Grand Haven, MI 49417
(616) 842-7844